<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <!DOCTYPE book PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD BITS Book Interchange DTD v2.3 20210610//EN" "BITS-book2.3.dtd"> <book xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" book-type="conference-proceedings" dtd-version="2.3" xml:lang="ru"> <front> <book-meta>    <title-group>  <book-title xml:lang="ru">Актуальные вопросы интеграции науки и практики в условиях трансформации социально-экономических систем</book-title>   <trans-title-group xml:lang="en"> <trans-title>Current issues of integrating science and practice in the context of transforming socio-economic systems</trans-title> </trans-title-group>  </title-group>  <description xml:lang="ru"> <p>В сборнике представлены научные публикации, посвященные вопросам развития экономической науки. В материалах сборника приведены результаты теоретических и прикладных изысканий представителей научного и образовательного сообщества в данной области. Предназначен для широкого круга читателей. Издание может быть полезно научным сотрудникам, преподавателям, студентам, аспирантам и всем, кто интересуется проблемами и перспективами социально-экономического развития России и зарубежья.
Статьи представлены в авторской редакции. Ответственность за приведенные в исследовании экономические данные несут авторы.</p> </description>   <contrib-group>  <contrib contrib-type="editor" id="editor1">    <name-alternatives>  <name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"> <surname>Батов</surname> <given-names>Алексей Викторович</given-names> </name>   </name-alternatives>   <email xlink:type="simple">a.batov@mitu.msk.ru</email> </contrib>  <contrib contrib-type="editor" id="editor2">    <name-alternatives>  <name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"> <surname>Авдеева</surname> <given-names>Оксана Викторовна</given-names> </name>   </name-alternatives>   <email xlink:type="simple">o.avdeeva@mitu.msk.ru</email> </contrib>  <contrib contrib-type="editor" id="editor3">    <name-alternatives>  <name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"> <surname>Юрьева</surname> <given-names>София Александровна</given-names> </name>   </name-alternatives>   <email xlink:type="simple">s.yurieva@mitu.msk.ru</email> </contrib>  <contrib contrib-type="editor" id="editor4">    <name-alternatives>  <name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"> <surname>Батов</surname> <given-names>Алексей Викторович</given-names> </name>   </name-alternatives>   <email xlink:type="simple">a.batov@mitu.msk.ru</email> </contrib>  </contrib-group>   <contrib-group>  <contrib contrib-type="member-of-organizing-committee" id="orgcomm1">    <name-alternatives>  <name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"> <surname>Самедова</surname> <given-names>Эльмира Назимовна</given-names> </name>   </name-alternatives>   </contrib>  <contrib contrib-type="member-of-organizing-committee" id="orgcomm2">    <name-alternatives>  <name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"> <surname>Троицкий</surname> <given-names>Валерий Сергеевич</given-names> </name>   </name-alternatives>   </contrib>  <contrib contrib-type="member-of-organizing-committee" id="orgcomm3">    <name-alternatives>  <name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"> <surname>Батов</surname> <given-names>Алексей Викторович</given-names> </name>   </name-alternatives>   </contrib>  <contrib contrib-type="member-of-organizing-committee" id="orgcomm4">    <name-alternatives>  <name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"> <surname>Юрьева</surname> <given-names>София Александровна</given-names> </name>   </name-alternatives>   </contrib>  <contrib contrib-type="member-of-organizing-committee" id="orgcomm5">    <name-alternatives>  <name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"> <surname>Авдеева</surname> <given-names>Оксана Викторовна</given-names> </name>   </name-alternatives>   </contrib>  <contrib contrib-type="member-of-organizing-committee" id="orgcomm6">    <name-alternatives>  <name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"> <surname>Хаймурзина</surname> <given-names>Наталья Зямиловна</given-names> </name>   </name-alternatives>   </contrib>  <contrib contrib-type="member-of-organizing-committee" id="orgcomm7">    <name-alternatives>  <name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"> <surname>Батов</surname> <given-names>Алексей Викторович</given-names> </name>   </name-alternatives>   </contrib>  <contrib contrib-type="member-of-organizing-committee" id="orgcomm8">    <name-alternatives>  <name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"> <surname>Юрьева</surname> <given-names>София Александровна</given-names> </name>   </name-alternatives>   </contrib>  <contrib contrib-type="member-of-organizing-committee" id="orgcomm9">    <name-alternatives>  <name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"> <surname>Авдеева</surname> <given-names>Оксана Викторовна</given-names> </name>   </name-alternatives>   </contrib>  </contrib-group>   <event>  <event-desc xml:lang="ru">Актуальные вопросы интеграции науки и практики в условиях трансформации социально-экономических систем</event-desc>   <event-desc xml:lang="en">Current issues of integrating science and practice in the context of transforming socio-economic systems</event-desc>   <conf-date> <day>24</day> <month>04</month> <year>2026</year> </conf-date>    <conf-loc xml:lang="ru">Москва</conf-loc>  </event>   <publisher> <publisher-name>ИД «Среда»</publisher-name> </publisher>    <pub-date date-type="collection" publication-format="electronic" iso-8601-date="1900"> <year>1900</year> </pub-date>    <permissions>  <copyright-statement xml:lang="en">© 2026 Anna D. Sudakova</copyright-statement>   <copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">© 2026 Копыркин Н. А., Судакова А. Д.</copyright-statement>   <copyright-year>2026</copyright-year>  <copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Копыркин Н. А., Судакова А. Д.</copyright-holder>   <copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Anna D. Sudakova</copyright-holder>    <license license-type="open-access" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xml:lang="en" xlink:type="simple"> <license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0)</license-p> </license>   <license license-type="open-access" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xml:lang="ru" xlink:type="simple"> <license-p>Это произведение доступно по лицензии Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0)</license-p> </license>   </permissions>  </book-meta> <book-part book-part-type="conference-paper"> <book-part-meta>   <book-id custom-type="publisher-id" pub-id-type="custom">167403</book-id> <title-group>  <chapter-title xml:lang="ru">Аппаратные архитектуры для локального обучения больших языковых моделей: обзор масштабируемых решений</chapter-title>   <trans-title-group xml:lang="en"> <trans-title>Hardware architectures for local learning of large language models: an overview of scalable solutions</trans-title> </trans-title-group>  </title-group>  <contrib-group>   <contrib contrib-type="author" id="author1">   <name-alternatives>  <name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"> <surname>Копыркин</surname> <given-names>Николай Андреевич</given-names> </name>    </name-alternatives>  <email xlink:type="simple">whespeer2002@gmail.com</email> <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/> </contrib>   <contrib contrib-type="author" id="author2">   <name-alternatives>  <name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"> <surname>Судакова</surname> <given-names>Анна Дмитриевна</given-names> </name>   <name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"> <surname>Sudakova</surname> <given-names>Anna Dmitrievna</given-names> </name>   </name-alternatives>  <email xlink:type="simple">anya.sudakova.03@list.ru</email> <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/> </contrib>    <aff-alternatives id="aff1">   <aff xml:lang="ru">  <institution>АНО ВО «Российский новый университет»</institution>   <country>Россия</country> </aff>    <aff xml:lang="en">  <institution>ANO of HE “New Russian University”</institution>   <country>Russia</country> </aff>   </aff-alternatives>  <aff-alternatives id="aff2">   <aff xml:lang="ru">  <institution>Московский государственный технический университет им. Н.Э. Баумана</institution>   <country>Россия</country> </aff>    <aff xml:lang="en">  <institution>FGBOU VO &quot;Moskovskii gosudarstvennyi tekhnicheskii universitet im. N.E. Baumana&quot;</institution>   <country>Russia</country> </aff>   </aff-alternatives>  </contrib-group>       <abstract xml:lang="ru"> <p>в статье рассматривается выбор аппаратных ускорителей (GPU, ASIC, FPGA и др.) для обучения больших языковых моделей на собственных серверах (on-premise), а не в облаке. Проводится сравнительный анализ стоимости владения различными решениями при установке 256 ускорителей. Делается вывод, что выбор оборудования должен учитывать не только скорость вычислений, но и затраты на электроэнергию, охлаждение и программную совместимость.</p> </abstract>      <trans-abstract xml:lang="en"> <p>The article discusses which hardware accelerators are advisable to use if you need to train large language models on your own servers, rather than in the cloud. The main types of accelerators are analyzed — GPU, ASIC, FPGA and others. The cost of ownership of different solutions for local use when installing 256 accelerators is compared separately. As a result, it is concluded that the choice of equipment should take into account not only the speed of calculations, but also the costs of electricity, cooling and software compatibility.</p> </trans-abstract>       <kwd-group xml:lang="ru">  <kwd>большие языковые модели</kwd>  <kwd>аппаратные ускорители</kwd>  <kwd>масштабируемые архитектуры</kwd>  <kwd>совокупная стоимость владения</kwd>  <kwd>локальное развёртывание</kwd>  </kwd-group>    <kwd-group xml:lang="en">  <kwd>large language models</kwd>  <kwd>hardware accelerators</kwd>  <kwd>scalable architectures</kwd>  <kwd>total cost of ownership</kwd>  <kwd>local deployment</kwd>  </kwd-group>      </book-part-meta> </book-part> </front>  <back> <ref-list> <title>References</title>  <ref id="ref1"> <label>1</label> <citation-alternatives>   <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Fanlong Z. Distributed training of large language models: A survey / Z. Fanlong, G. Wensheng, W. Yongheng, S.Y. 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