<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <!DOCTYPE book PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD BITS Book Interchange DTD v2.3 20210610//EN" "BITS-book2.3.dtd"> <book xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" book-type="conference-proceedings" dtd-version="2.3" xml:lang="en"> <front> <book-meta>  <book-id book-id-type="isbn">978-5-907688-37-7</book-id>   <book-id pub-id-type="doi">10.31483/a-10473</book-id>   <title-group>  <book-title xml:lang="en">Фундаментальные и прикладные исследования по приоритетным направлениям биоэкологии и биотехнологии</book-title>   <trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"> <trans-title>Фундаментальные и прикладные исследования по приоритетным направлениям биоэкологии и биотехнологии</trans-title> </trans-title-group>  </title-group>   <contrib-group>  <contrib contrib-type="editor" id="editor1">  <contrib-id contrib-id-type="role">chief_editor</contrib-id>    <name-alternatives>  <name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"> <surname>Антонова</surname> <given-names>Елена Ивановна</given-names> </name>   <name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"> <surname>Antonova</surname> <given-names>Elena Ivanovna</given-names> </name>  </name-alternatives>  <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3686-9686</contrib-id> <email xlink:type="simple">antonov_67@mail.ru</email> </contrib>  <contrib contrib-type="editor" id="editor2">    <name-alternatives>  <name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"> <surname>Ленгесова</surname> <given-names>Наталья Анатольевна</given-names> </name>   <name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"> <surname>Lengesova</surname> <given-names>Natal&#039;ia Anatol&#039;evna</given-names> </name>  </name-alternatives>  <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7512-6386</contrib-id> <email xlink:type="simple">lengesova@yandex.ru</email> </contrib>  </contrib-group>   <contrib-group>  <contrib contrib-type="member-of-organizing-committee" id="orgcomm1">    <name-alternatives>  <name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"> <surname>Антонова</surname> <given-names>Елена Ивановна</given-names> </name>   <name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"> <surname>Antonova</surname> <given-names>Elena Ivanovna</given-names> </name>  </name-alternatives>  <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3686-9686</contrib-id> </contrib>  <contrib contrib-type="member-of-organizing-committee" id="orgcomm2">    <name-alternatives>  <name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"> <surname>Антонова</surname> <given-names>Елена Ивановна</given-names> </name>   <name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"> <surname>Antonova</surname> <given-names>Elena Ivanovna</given-names> </name>  </name-alternatives>  <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3686-9686</contrib-id> </contrib>  <contrib contrib-type="member-of-organizing-committee" id="orgcomm3">    <name-alternatives>  <name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"> <surname>Ленгесова</surname> <given-names>Наталья Анатольевна</given-names> </name>   <name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"> <surname>Lengesova</surname> <given-names>Natal&#039;ia Anatol&#039;evna</given-names> </name>  </name-alternatives>  <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7512-6386</contrib-id> </contrib>  <contrib contrib-type="member-of-organizing-committee" id="orgcomm4">    <name-alternatives>  <name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"> <surname>Беззубенкова</surname> <given-names>Ольга Евгеньевна</given-names> </name>   <name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"> <surname>Bezzubenkova</surname> <given-names>Ol&#039;ga Evgen&#039;evna</given-names> </name>  </name-alternatives>  <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3243-6381</contrib-id> </contrib>  <contrib contrib-type="member-of-organizing-committee" id="orgcomm5">    <name-alternatives>  <name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"> <surname>Коняев</surname> <given-names>Игорь Сергеевич</given-names> </name>   <name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"> <surname>Koniaev</surname> <given-names>Igor&#039; Sergeevich</given-names> </name>  </name-alternatives>   </contrib>  <contrib contrib-type="member-of-organizing-committee" id="orgcomm6">    <name-alternatives>  <name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"> <surname>Масленников</surname> <given-names>Андрей Викторович</given-names> </name>   <name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"> <surname>Maslennikov</surname> <given-names>Andrei Viktorovich</given-names> </name>  </name-alternatives>  <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1421-7484</contrib-id> </contrib>  <contrib contrib-type="member-of-organizing-committee" id="orgcomm7">    <name-alternatives>  <name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"> <surname>Куницына</surname> <given-names>Анастасия Владимировна</given-names> </name>   <name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"> <surname>Khambikova</surname> <given-names>Anastasiia Vladimirovna</given-names> </name>  </name-alternatives>   </contrib>  <contrib contrib-type="member-of-organizing-committee" id="orgcomm8">    <name-alternatives>  <name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"> <surname>Фирсова</surname> <given-names>Наталья Викторовна</given-names> </name>   <name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"> <surname>Firsova</surname> <given-names>Natalia Viktorovna</given-names> </name>  </name-alternatives>  <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9907-8857</contrib-id> </contrib>  </contrib-group>   <event>  <event-desc xml:lang="ru">Фундаментальные и прикладные исследования по приоритетным направлениям биоэкологии и биотехнологии</event-desc>   <event-desc xml:lang="en">Fundamental and applied research for key propriety areas of bioecology and biotechnology</event-desc>   <conf-date> <day>22</day> <month>05</month> <year>2023</year> </conf-date>    <conf-loc xml:lang="en">Ульяновск</conf-loc>  </event>   <publisher> <publisher-name>ИД «Среда»</publisher-name> </publisher>    <pub-date pub-type="collection"> <year>2023</year> </pub-date>    <permissions> <copyright-statement>Copyright &#x00A9; Abobakr M. Khussein, 2023</copyright-statement> <copyright-year>2023</copyright-year> <license license-type="open-access" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"> <license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p> </license> </permissions>  </book-meta> <book-part book-part-type="conference-paper"> <book-part-meta>  <book-id pub-id-type="doi">10.31483/r-106760</book-id>   <book-id custom-type="publisher-id" pub-id-type="custom">106760</book-id> <title-group>  <chapter-title xml:lang="en">Occupational and environmental factors affect semen quality:how exposure to mechanical viberation impacts reproductive indices</chapter-title>   <trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"> <trans-title>Профессиональные факторы и факторы окружающей среды влияют на качество спермы: как воздействие механической вибрации влияет на репродуктивные показатели</trans-title> </trans-title-group>  </title-group>  <contrib-group>   <contrib contrib-type="author" id="author1">   <name-alternatives>  <name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"> <surname>Хуссейн</surname> <given-names>Абобакр Мохамед Аббакар</given-names> </name>   <name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"> <surname>Khussein</surname> <given-names>Abobakr Mokhamed abbakar</given-names> </name>   </name-alternatives>  <email xlink:type="simple">abbakar77@gmail.com</email> <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/> </contrib>   <aff-alternatives id="aff1">   <aff xml:lang="ru">  <institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Московский государственный технический университет им. Н.Э. Баумана»</institution>   <country>Россия</country> </aff>    <aff xml:lang="en">  <institution>FGBOU VO &quot;Moskovskii gosudarstvennyi tekhnicheskii universitet im. N.E. Baumana&quot;</institution>   <country>Russia</country> </aff>   </aff-alternatives>  </contrib-group>   <fpage>103</fpage> <lpage>113</lpage>   <abstract xml:lang="en"> <p>it is well known that sperm is a unique cell with a function to be done by itself outside the body and this function is second to none for species’ continuity. The sperm mission of reaching the ova and is affected by both chemical and physical factors influence its ability to survive, move and fertilize the ova.Vibration as an environmental external physical stressor that affect semen viscosity and accordingly semen velocity, is reported to be prevalent among drivers occupied in industrial jobs whose inability to produce natural sperm compared to other occupation will be reviewed in this paper. We will also review the effects of mechanical vibrations with a special attention to shaking semen samples in assisted reproductive technologies in vitro. The effects of whole body exposure to vibrations on reproductive indices will also be investigated.</p> </abstract>    <trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"> <p>хорошо известно, что сперматозоид – это уникальная клетка, выполняющая функцию самостоятельно вне организма, и эта функция не имеет себе равных для продолжения рода. Задача сперматозоида – достичь яйцеклетки, и на его способность выживать, перемещаться и оплодотворять яйцеклетку влияют как химические, так и физические факторы.Сообщается, что вибрация как внешний физический стрессор окружающей среды, влияющий на вязкость спермы и, соответственно, на скорость сперматозоидов, распространена среди водителей, занятых на промышленных работах, чья неспособность производить естественную сперму по сравнению с другими видами деятельности будет рассмотрена в статье. Рассмотрено воздействие механических вибраций, уделив особое внимание встряхиванию образцов спермы при вспомогательных репродуктивных технологиях in vitro, а также исследовано влияние воздействия вибраций на все тело на репродуктивные показатели.</p> </trans-abstract>         <kwd-group xml:lang="ru">  <kwd>вибрация всего тела</kwd>  <kwd>подвижность сперматозоидов</kwd>  <kwd>водители автомобилей</kwd>  <kwd>активация сперматозоидов в пробирке</kwd>  <kwd>факторы окружающей среды</kwd>  </kwd-group>    <kwd-group xml:lang="en">  <kwd>environmental factors</kwd>  <kwd>whole body vibration</kwd>  <kwd>sperm motility</kwd>  <kwd>car drivers</kwd>  <kwd>sperm activation in vitro</kwd>  </kwd-group>      </book-part-meta> </book-part> </front>  <back> <ref-list> <title>References</title>  <ref id="ref1"> <label>1</label> <citation-alternatives>   <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Saeed G, Al-Azzawi S, Al-Wasti H (2018) The Effect of Mechanical Vibration on Human Sperm Activity in Vitro. Biomedical &amp; Pharmacology Journal, Vol. 11(3), p. 1617–1621. DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.13005/bpj/1529</mixed-citation>   </citation-alternatives> <element-citation publication-type="other">          <pub-id pub-id-type="doi">10.13005/bpj/1529</pub-id>        </element-citation> </ref>  <ref id="ref2"> <label>2</label> <citation-alternatives>   <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bovenzi M. Health risks from occupational exposures to mechanical vibration. La Medicina del lavoro, 97(3): p. 535–541 (2006).</mixed-citation>   </citation-alternatives> <element-citation publication-type="other">  <person-group person-group-type="author">  <name> <surname>Bovenzi</surname> <given-names>M.</given-names> </name>  </person-group>                  </element-citation> </ref>  <ref id="ref3"> <label>3</label> <citation-alternatives>   <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kessler J. et al. Effect of stochastic resonance whole body vibration on functional performance in the frail elderly: A pilot study. Archives of gerontology and geriatrics, 59 (2): p. 305–311 (2014).</mixed-citation>   </citation-alternatives> <element-citation publication-type="other">  <person-group person-group-type="author">  <name> <surname>Kessler J</surname> <given-names></given-names> </name>  </person-group>                  </element-citation> </ref>  <ref id="ref4"> <label>4</label> <citation-alternatives>   <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Biering-Sørensen F. et al. The e£ ect of penile vibratory stimulation on male fertility potential, spasticity and neurogenic detrusor overactivity in spinal cord lesioned individuals. Re-Engineering of the Damaged Brain and Spinal Cord: Evidence-Based Neurorehabilitation, 93: p. 159–163 (2005).</mixed-citation>   </citation-alternatives> <element-citation publication-type="other">                  </element-citation> </ref>  <ref id="ref5"> <label>5</label> <citation-alternatives>   <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Cooper T.G. et al. World Health Organization reference values for human semen characteristics. Human reproduction update, 16 (3): p. 231–245 (2010).</mixed-citation>   </citation-alternatives> <element-citation publication-type="other">  <person-group person-group-type="author">  <name> <surname>Cooper</surname> <given-names>T. G.</given-names> </name>  </person-group>                  </element-citation> </ref>  <ref id="ref6"> <label>6</label> <citation-alternatives>   <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Küçük T., Sözen E., Buluç B. Effect of heat-induced hypermotility on pregnancy rate in intrauterine insemination for male factor infertility associated with asthenospermia: a prospective, randomized, controlled study. Journal of assisted reproduction and genetics, 25(6): p. 235–238 (2008).</mixed-citation>   </citation-alternatives> <element-citation publication-type="other">  <person-group person-group-type="author">  <name> <surname>Küçük</surname> <given-names>T.</given-names> </name>  <name> <surname>Sözen</surname> <given-names>E.</given-names> </name>  </person-group>                  </element-citation> </ref>  <ref id="ref7"> <label>7</label> <citation-alternatives>   <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Firestone R.S. et al. The Effects of Low Level Laser Light Exposure on Sperm Motion Characteristics and DNA Damage. Journal of andrology, 33 (3): p. 469–473 (2012).</mixed-citation>   </citation-alternatives> <element-citation publication-type="other">  <person-group person-group-type="author">  <name> <surname>Firestone RS</surname> <given-names></given-names> </name>  </person-group>                  </element-citation> </ref>  <ref id="ref8"> <label>8</label> <citation-alternatives>   <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lewis-Jones D. et al. Andrology: Effects of  sperm activity on zinc and fructose concentrations  in seminal plasma. Human reproduction, 11 (11):  p. 2465–2467 (1996).</mixed-citation>   </citation-alternatives> <element-citation publication-type="other">  <person-group person-group-type="author">  <name> <surname>Lewis-Jones D</surname> <given-names></given-names> </name>  </person-group>                  </element-citation> </ref>  <ref id="ref9"> <label>9</label> <citation-alternatives>   <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Biering-Sørensen F. et al, The e£ ect of penile vibratory stimulation on male fertilitypotential, spasticity and neurogenic detrusor overactivity in spinal cord lesioned individuals.  Re-Engineering of the Damaged Brain and Spinal Cord: Evidence-Based Neurorehabilitation, 93: p. 159–163 (2005).</mixed-citation>   </citation-alternatives> <element-citation publication-type="other">  <person-group person-group-type="author">  <name> <surname>Biering-Sørensen F</surname> <given-names></given-names> </name>  </person-group>                  </element-citation> </ref>  <ref id="ref10"> <label>10</label> <citation-alternatives>   <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Organisation W.H. WHO laboratory manual for the examination of human semen and spermcervical mucus interaction. Cambridge university press (1999)</mixed-citation>   </citation-alternatives> <element-citation publication-type="other">  <person-group person-group-type="author">  <name> <surname>Organisation WH</surname> <given-names></given-names> </name>  </person-group>                  </element-citation> </ref>  <ref id="ref11"> <label>11</label> <citation-alternatives>   <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Baghianimoghadam MH, Aminian AH, Baghianimoghadam B, et al. Mental health status of infertile couples based on treatment outcome. Iran J Reprod Med. 2013; 11: 503.</mixed-citation>   </citation-alternatives> <element-citation publication-type="other">  <person-group person-group-type="author">  <name> <surname>Baghianimoghadam</surname> <given-names>MH.</given-names> </name>  </person-group>                  </element-citation> </ref>  <ref id="ref12"> <label>12</label> <citation-alternatives>   <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zagami SE, Roudsari RL, Janghorban R, Bazaz SMM, Amirian M, Allan HT. A qualitative study of the experiences of Iranian infertile couples after unsuccessful assisted reproductive technologies. Int J Women’s Health Reprod Sci. 2019; 7: 331–8.</mixed-citation>   </citation-alternatives> <element-citation publication-type="other">  <person-group person-group-type="author">  <name> <surname>Zagami</surname> <given-names>SE.</given-names> </name>  </person-group>        <fpage>331</fpage> <lpage>8</lpage>         </element-citation> </ref>  <ref id="ref13"> <label>13</label> <citation-alternatives>   <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Tas S, Lauwerys R, Lison D. Occupational hazards for the male reproductive system. Crit Rev Toxicol. 1996; 26: 261–307. https://doi.org/10.3109/10408449609012525. EDN: YANJXX</mixed-citation>   </citation-alternatives> <element-citation publication-type="other">  <person-group person-group-type="author">  <name> <surname>Tas</surname> <given-names>S.</given-names> </name>  </person-group>        <fpage>261</fpage> <lpage>307</lpage> <pub-id pub-id-type="doi">10.3109/10408449609012525</pub-id> <pub-id pub-id-type="custom" custom-type="edn">YANJXX</pub-id>       </element-citation> </ref>  <ref id="ref14"> <label>14</label> <citation-alternatives>   <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Baranski B. Efects of the workplace on fertility and related reproductive outcomes. Environ Health Perspect. 1993; 101: 81–90.</mixed-citation>   </citation-alternatives> <element-citation publication-type="other">  <person-group person-group-type="author">  <name> <surname>Baranski B</surname> <given-names></given-names> </name>  </person-group>        <fpage>81</fpage> <lpage>90</lpage>         </element-citation> </ref>  <ref id="ref15"> <label>15</label> <citation-alternatives>   <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sas M, Szöllosi J. Impaired spermiogenesis as a common fnding among professional drivers. Arch Androl. 1979; 3: 57–60.</mixed-citation>   </citation-alternatives> <element-citation publication-type="other">  <person-group person-group-type="author">  <name> <surname>Sas</surname> <given-names>M.</given-names> </name>  </person-group>        <fpage>57</fpage> <lpage>60</lpage>         </element-citation> </ref>  <ref id="ref16"> <label>16</label> <citation-alternatives>   <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Figà-Talamanca I, Cini C, Varricchio G, et al. Efects of prolonged autovehicle driving on male reproductive function: a study among taxi drivers. Am J Ind Med. 1996; 30: 750–8.</mixed-citation>   </citation-alternatives> <element-citation publication-type="other">  <person-group person-group-type="author">  <name> <surname>Figà-Talamanca</surname> <given-names>I.</given-names> </name>  </person-group>        <fpage>750</fpage> <lpage>8</lpage>         </element-citation> </ref>  <ref id="ref17"> <label>17</label> <citation-alternatives>   <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Edition F. Examination and processing of human semen. Geneva: World Health, 2010.</mixed-citation>   </citation-alternatives> <element-citation publication-type="other">  <person-group person-group-type="author">  <name> <surname>Edition F</surname> <given-names></given-names> </name>  </person-group>                  </element-citation> </ref>  <ref id="ref18"> <label>18</label> <citation-alternatives>   <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zarei, S., Dehghan, S.F., Vaziri, M.H. et al. Assessment of semen quality of taxi drivers exposed to whole body vibration. J Occup Med Toxicol 17, 16 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12995-022-00357-z. EDN: WSYAYH</mixed-citation>   </citation-alternatives> <element-citation publication-type="other">  <person-group person-group-type="author">  <name> <surname>Zarei</surname> <given-names>S.</given-names> </name>  <name> <surname>Dehghan</surname> <given-names>S. F.</given-names> </name>  </person-group>          <pub-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1186/s12995-022-00357-z</pub-id> <pub-id pub-id-type="custom" custom-type="edn">WSYAYH</pub-id>       </element-citation> </ref>  <ref id="ref19"> <label>19</label> <citation-alternatives>   <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Rijsselaere T, Van Soom A, Maes D, de Kruif A. Effect of centrifugation on in vitro survival of fresh diluted canine spermatozoa. Theriogenology. 2002 Apr 1; 57 (6) :1669–81. doi: 10.1016/s0093–691x(02)00663–5. PMID: 12035977.</mixed-citation>   </citation-alternatives> <element-citation publication-type="other">                  </element-citation> </ref>  <ref id="ref20"> <label>20</label> <citation-alternatives>   <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">2017. Schmitz T.L., Smith K.S.  Mechanical vibrations: modeling and measurement. 2011: Springer Science &amp; Business and Media.</mixed-citation>   </citation-alternatives> <element-citation publication-type="other">                  </element-citation> </ref>  <ref id="ref21"> <label>21</label> <citation-alternatives>   <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Makler A., Jakob iP.  Effects of shaking and centrifugation on human sperm motility. Archives of andrology, 7 (1): p. 21–26 (1981).</mixed-citation>   </citation-alternatives> <element-citation publication-type="other">                  </element-citation> </ref>  <ref id="ref22"> <label>22</label> <citation-alternatives>   <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Eisenberg ML, Chen Z, Ye A, GMB L. Relationship between physical occupational exposures and health on semen quality: data from the Longitudinal Investigation of Fertility and the Environment (LIFE) Study. Fertil Steril. 2015; 103: 1271–7.</mixed-citation>   </citation-alternatives> <element-citation publication-type="other">        <fpage>1271</fpage> <lpage>7</lpage>         </element-citation> </ref>  <ref id="ref23"> <label>23</label> <citation-alternatives>   <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Figà-Talamanca I, Cini C, Varricchio G, et al. Efects of prolonged autovehicle driving on male reproductive function: a study among taxi drivers. Am J Ind Med. 1996; 30: 750–8.</mixed-citation>   </citation-alternatives> <element-citation publication-type="other">        <fpage>750</fpage> <lpage>8</lpage>         </element-citation> </ref>  <ref id="ref24"> <label>24</label> <citation-alternatives>   <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kumar A, Varghese M, Mohan D, Mahajan P, Gulati P, Kale S. Efect of  whole-body vibration on the low back: a study of tractor-driving farmers in North India. Spine. 1999; 24: 2506</mixed-citation>   </citation-alternatives> <element-citation publication-type="other">                  </element-citation> </ref>  <ref id="ref25"> <label>25</label> <citation-alternatives>   <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Wikström B-O, Kjellberg A, Landström U. Health efects of long-term occupational exposure to whole-body vibration: a review. Int J Ind Ergon. 1994; 14: 273–92. https://doi.org/10.1016/0169-8141(94)90017-5. EDN: XXVOIX</mixed-citation>   </citation-alternatives> <element-citation publication-type="other">        <fpage>273</fpage> <lpage>92</lpage> <pub-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1016/0169-8141(94)90017-5</pub-id> <pub-id pub-id-type="custom" custom-type="edn">XXVOIX</pub-id>       </element-citation> </ref>  <ref id="ref26"> <label>26</label> <citation-alternatives>   <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Vaziri MH, Gilani MAS, Kavousi A, et al. The relationship between occupation and semen qua</mixed-citation>   </citation-alternatives> <element-citation publication-type="other">                  </element-citation> </ref>  <ref id="ref27"> <label>27</label> <citation-alternatives>   <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Saeed GT, Al-Azzawi KSA, Al-Wasti HSH. The efect of mechanical vibration on human sperm activity in vitro. Biomed Pharmacol J. 2018; 11: 1617–21.</mixed-citation>   </citation-alternatives> <element-citation publication-type="other">        <fpage>1617</fpage> <lpage>21</lpage>         </element-citation> </ref>  <ref id="ref28"> <label>28</label> <citation-alternatives>   <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Jurewicz J, Radwan M, Sobala W, Radwan P, Bochenek M, Hanke W. Efects of occupational exposure-is there a link between exposure based on an occupational questionnaire and semen quality? Syst Biol Reprod Med. 2014; 60: 227–33</mixed-citation>   </citation-alternatives> <element-citation publication-type="other">        <fpage>227</fpage> <lpage>33</lpage>         </element-citation> </ref>  <ref id="ref29"> <label>29</label> <citation-alternatives>   <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Saeed GT, Al-Azzawi KSA, Al-Wasti HSH. The efect of mechanical vibration on human sperm activity in vitro. Biomed Pharmacol J. 2018; 11: 1617–21.</mixed-citation>   </citation-alternatives> <element-citation publication-type="other">        <fpage>1617</fpage> <lpage>21</lpage>         </element-citation> </ref>  <ref id="ref30"> <label>30</label> <citation-alternatives>   <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Wike EL, Wike SS, Wagner JE. Efects of prolonged low-frequency wholebody vibration on rats. Psy</mixed-citation>   </citation-alternatives> <element-citation publication-type="other">                  </element-citation> </ref>  <ref id="ref31"> <label>31</label> <citation-alternatives>   <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Dumas V. et al. Extracellular matrix produced by osteoblasts cultured under low-magnitude, high-frequency stimulation is favourable to osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells. Calcified tissue international, 87 (4): p. 351–364 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00223-010-9394-8. EDN: NTTMOW</mixed-citation>   </citation-alternatives> <element-citation publication-type="other">  <person-group person-group-type="author">  <name> <surname>Dumas</surname> <given-names>V.</given-names> </name>  </person-group>          <pub-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1007/s00223-010-9394-8</pub-id> <pub-id pub-id-type="custom" custom-type="edn">NTTMOW</pub-id>       </element-citation> </ref>  <ref id="ref32"> <label>32</label> <citation-alternatives>   <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Aitken R., Baker H.G. Seminal leukocytes: passengers, terrorists or good samaritans? Human Reproduction, 10: p. 1736–1736 (1995). EDN: IPHLZD</mixed-citation>   </citation-alternatives> <element-citation publication-type="other">  <person-group person-group-type="author">  <name> <surname>Aitken</surname> <given-names>R.</given-names> </name>  </person-group>           <pub-id pub-id-type="custom" custom-type="edn">IPHLZD</pub-id>       </element-citation> </ref>  <ref id="ref33"> <label>33</label> <citation-alternatives>   <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Said T.M. et al. Novel association between sperm deformity index and oxidative stress induced DNA damage in infertile male patients. Asian journal of andrology, 7 (2): p. 121–126 (2005).</mixed-citation>   </citation-alternatives> <element-citation publication-type="other">  <person-group person-group-type="author">  <name> <surname>Said TM</surname> <given-names></given-names> </name>  </person-group>                  </element-citation> </ref>  <ref id="ref34"> <label>34</label> <citation-alternatives>   <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Twigg J. et al., Iatrogenic DNA damage induced in human spermatozoa during spermpreparation: protective significance of seminal plasma. Molecular human reproduction, 4 (5): p. 439–445 (1998). EDN: ITLWDL</mixed-citation>   </citation-alternatives> <element-citation publication-type="other">  <person-group person-group-type="author">  <name> <surname>Twigg J</surname> <given-names></given-names> </name>  </person-group>           <pub-id pub-id-type="custom" custom-type="edn">ITLWDL</pub-id>       </element-citation> </ref>  <ref id="ref35"> <label>35</label> <citation-alternatives>   <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Belyaev I. Non-thermal biological effects of microwaves. Microwave Review, 11 (2): p. 13–29 (2005).</mixed-citation>   </citation-alternatives> <element-citation publication-type="other">  <person-group person-group-type="author">  <name> <surname>Belyaev</surname> <given-names>I.</given-names> </name>  </person-group>                  </element-citation> </ref>  <ref id="ref36"> <label>36</label> <citation-alternatives>   <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Nateghian Z, Aliabadi E (2020) Aspects of Environmental Pollutants on Male Fertility and Sperm Parameters. J Environ Treat Tech 8 (1): 299–309. http://www.jett.dormaj.com</mixed-citation>   </citation-alternatives> <element-citation publication-type="web">            <ext-link ext-link-type="uri">http://www.jett.dormaj.com</ext-link>      </element-citation> </ref>  <ref id="ref37"> <label>37</label> <citation-alternatives>   <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Selvaraju V, Baskaran S, Agarwal A, Henkel R (2021) Environmental contaminants and male infertility: effects and mechanisms. Andrologia 53 (1): e13646. https:// doi. org/ 10. 1111/ and. 13646</mixed-citation>   </citation-alternatives> <element-citation publication-type="other">                  </element-citation> </ref>  <ref id="ref38"> <label>38</label> <citation-alternatives>   <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Oliva A, Spira A, Multigner L (2001) Contribution of environmental factors to the risk of male infertility. Hum Reprod 16 (8): 1768–1776. https://doi.org/10.1093/humrep/16.8.1768</mixed-citation>   </citation-alternatives> <element-citation publication-type="other">          <pub-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1093/humrep/16.8.1768</pub-id>        </element-citation> </ref>  <ref id="ref39"> <label>39</label> <citation-alternatives>   <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sharpe RM (2010) Environmental/lifestyle effects on spermatogenesis. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 365(1546):1697–1712. https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2009.0206. EDN: YBJURD</mixed-citation>   </citation-alternatives> <element-citation publication-type="other">  <person-group person-group-type="author">  <name> <surname>Sharpe RM</surname> <given-names></given-names> </name>  </person-group>          <pub-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1098/rstb.2009.0206</pub-id> <pub-id pub-id-type="custom" custom-type="edn">YBJURD</pub-id>       </element-citation> </ref>  <ref id="ref40"> <label>40</label> <citation-alternatives>   <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">De Rosa M, Zarrilli S, Paesano L, Carbone U, Boggia B, Petretta M, Maisto A, Cimmino F, Puca G, Colao A, Lombardi G (2003) Traffic pollutants affect fertility in men. Human Reprod (Oxford, England) 18 (5) : 10551061. https://doi.org/10.1093/humrep/deg226</mixed-citation>   </citation-alternatives> <element-citation publication-type="other">                  </element-citation> </ref>  <ref id="ref41"> <label>41</label> <citation-alternatives>   <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Wu L, Jin L, Shi T, Zhang B, Zhou Y, Zhou T, Bao W, Xiang H, Zuo Y, Li G, Wang C, Duan Y, Peng Z, Huang X, Zhang H, Xu T, Li Y, Pan X, Xia Y, Gong X, Chen W, Liu Y (2017) Association between ambient particulate matter exposure and semen quality in Wuhan, China. Environ Int 98: 219–228. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envint. 2016. 11. 013</mixed-citation>   </citation-alternatives> <element-citation publication-type="other">                  </element-citation> </ref>  <ref id="ref42"> <label>42</label> <citation-alternatives>   <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Radwan M, Jurewicz J, Polańska K, Sobala W, Radwan P, Bochenek M, Hanke W (2016) Exposure to ambient air pollution-does it affect</mixed-citation>   </citation-alternatives> <element-citation publication-type="other">                  </element-citation> </ref>  <ref id="ref43"> <label>43</label> <citation-alternatives>   <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zhang G, Jiang F, Chen Q, Yang H, Zhou N, Sun L, Zou P, Yang W, Cao J, Zhou Z, Ao L (2020) Associations of ambient air pollutant exposure with seminal plasma MDA, sperm mtDNA copy number, and mtDNA integrity. Environ Int :105483. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2020.105483</mixed-citation>   </citation-alternatives> <element-citation publication-type="other">          <pub-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1016/j.envint.2020.105483</pub-id>        </element-citation> </ref>  <ref id="ref44"> <label>44</label> <citation-alternatives>   <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Barbonetti A, Castellini C, Di Giammarco N, Santilli G, Francavilla S, Francavilla F (2016) In vitro exposure of human spermatozoa to bisphenol A induces pro-oxidative/apoptotic mitochondrial dysfunction. Reprod Toxicol 66: 61–67. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.repro tox.2016.09.014</mixed-citation>   </citation-alternatives> <element-citation publication-type="other">                  </element-citation> </ref>  <ref id="ref45"> <label>45</label> <citation-alternatives>   <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lwin TZ, Than AA, Min AZ, Robson MG, Siriwong W (2018) Effects of pesticide exposure on reproductivity of male groundnut farmers in Kyauk Kan village, Nyaung-U, Mandalay region, Myanmar. Risk Manag Healthc Policy 11: 235–241. https://doi.org/10.2147/RMHP.S175230. EDN: XATZTG</mixed-citation>   </citation-alternatives> <element-citation publication-type="other">          <pub-id pub-id-type="doi">10.2147/RMHP.S175230</pub-id> <pub-id pub-id-type="custom" custom-type="edn">XATZTG</pub-id>       </element-citation> </ref>  <ref id="ref46"> <label>46</label> <citation-alternatives>   <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hossain F, Ali O, D’Souza UJ, Naing DK (2010) Effects of pesticide use on semen quality among farmers in rural areas of Sabah. Malaysia J Occup Health 52(6):353–360. https://doi.org/10.1539/joh.l10006</mixed-citation>   </citation-alternatives> <element-citation publication-type="other">          <pub-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1539/joh.l10006</pub-id>        </element-citation> </ref>  <ref id="ref47"> <label>47</label> <citation-alternatives>   <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Broe A, Pottegård A, Hallas J, Ahern TP, Fedder J, Damkier P (2018) Association between use of phthalate-containing medication and semen quality among men in couples referred for assisted reproduction. Hum Reprod 33 (3) : 503–511. https://doi.org/10.1093/humrep/dey009. EDN: YFZDLF</mixed-citation>   </citation-alternatives> <element-citation publication-type="other">          <pub-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1093/humrep/dey009</pub-id> <pub-id pub-id-type="custom" custom-type="edn">YFZDLF</pub-id>       </element-citation> </ref>  <ref id="ref48"> <label>48</label> <citation-alternatives>   <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bloom MS, Whitcomb BW, Chen Z, Ye A, Kannan K, Buck Louis GM (2015) Associations between urinary phthalate concentrations and semen quality parameters in a general population. Hum Reprod 30 (11) : 2645–2657. https://doi.org/10.1093/humrep/dev219</mixed-citation>   </citation-alternatives> <element-citation publication-type="other">          <pub-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1093/humrep/dev219</pub-id>        </element-citation> </ref>  <ref id="ref49"> <label>49</label> <citation-alternatives>   <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Cheung K, Daher N, Kam W, Shafer MM, Ning Z, Schauer JJ, Constantinos S (2011) Spatial and temporal variation of chemical composition and mass closure of ambient coarse particulate matter (PM10–2.5) in the Los Angeles area. Atmos Environ 45(16): 2651–2662. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2011.02.066</mixed-citation>   </citation-alternatives> <element-citation publication-type="other">          <pub-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1016/j.atmosenv.2011.02.066</pub-id>        </element-citation> </ref>  <ref id="ref50"> <label>50</label> <citation-alternatives>   <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zhang L, Yang Y, Li Y, Qian ZM, Xiao W, Wang X, Rolling CA, Liu E, Xiao J, Zeng W, Liu T, Li X, Yao Z, Wang H, Ma W, Lin H (2019) Short-term and long-term effects of PM2.5 on acute nasopharyngitis in 10 communities of Guangdong. China Sci Total Environ 688:136–142. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.05.470</mixed-citation>   </citation-alternatives> <element-citation publication-type="other">          <pub-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.05.470</pub-id>        </element-citation> </ref>  </ref-list> </back>  </book>