Abobakr M. Khussein

it is well known that sperm is a unique cell with a function to be done by itself outside the body and this function is second to none for species’ continuity. The sperm mission of reaching the ova and is affected by both chemical and physical factors influence its ability to survive, move and fertilize the ova. Vibration as an environmental external physical stressor that affect semen viscosity and accordingly semen velocity, is reported to be prevalent among drivers occupied in industrial jobs whose inability to produce natural sperm compared to other occupation will be reviewed in this pape...

the ability of cells to sense and respond to mechanical signals is vital in development functioning of healthy tissue. Many diseases are correlated to either changing mechanical properties of the tissue, or changes in the ability of cells to sense mechanical signals. This ssensing happens in part, at integrin-associated complexes (IACs) that form sites of attachment between the cell and the extracellular matrix (ECM). In this review, we will discuss the complex mechanical signals of the ECM and it's components: how cells sense mechanical stimuli, how mechanical signals are transmitted intracel...