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List of publications on a keyword: «architecture»

  • Tekhnologii torkretirovaniia dlia stroitel'stva i rekonstruktsii zdanii i sooruzhenii

    Book Chapter
    Shotcrete technologies for construction and reconstruction of buildings and structures
    Author:
    Tatiana A. Ivanova
    Work direction:
    Все направления
    Abstract:
    The monograph presents basic information on shotcrete technologies, examples of using shotcrete for construction and reconstruction of buildings in Russia and abroad. Practical examples of using shotcrete in the design of buildings with curvilinear outlines, practical experience of using shotcrete technology in the reconstruction of structures, building elements and architectural monuments are given. The principles of assessing the effectiveness of shotcrete technology parameters from the point of view of cluster analysis are given. The publication is intended for students of higher educational institutions in the direction of training 08.03.01 "Construction", specialty 08.05.01 "Construction of unique buildings and structures", as well as current designers and specialists in the field of construction and reconstruction of buildings and structures.
    Keywords:
    architecture, construction, reconstruction, shotcreting, dry shotcreting technology, wet shotcreting technology
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  • The Ethics of Nudging in Decision Making

    Proceeding
    Pedagogy, Psychology, Society
    Authors:
    Anastasiia G. Volodko, Tat'iana A. Khitarova, Elena G. Khitarova
    Work direction:
    Социальные процессы и образование
    Abstract:
    Recent years have seen the rise of nudging in people management and business communications. Nudging is a theory that is implemented in a variety of spheres that influences consumer behavior and decision making, using choice architecture. Despite the effectiveness of such methods, concerns and critique of their policies remain. Some opponents describe nudging as manipulation and power abuse, while others support such behavioral interventions. Therefore, in this essay the review was conducted on ethical debates surrounding the nudging theory.
    Keywords:
    autonomy, nudge, behavioral science, choice architecture, manipulation
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  • Visual Semiotics of Inequality in the Structure of an Architectural Text

    Research Article
    Ethnic Culture No 2 (3)
    Authors:
    Viktor V. Fedorov, Mikhail V. Fedorov, Dmitry A. Hanygin
    Work direction:
    Problems of Crosslinguistic and Intercultural Communication
    Abstract:
    The article is devoted to the consideration of the architectural environment as a form of materialization of social existence. It is noted that the architectural text of a large city contains special subject and spatial inclusions – loci of power. The article focuses on the relations of topological segregation – the disproportionate distribution of structural elements in the space of a populated place. This is a set of obstacles in choosing a place, and at the same time a condition for the formation of a social hierarchy of urban spaces. Methods. In the course of the work, the problem and thematic, structural and functional and comparative and historical methods to identify basic concepts of architectural spaces of power were applied. Results. It is shown that social inequality and topological segregation occur in the city in a “natural” way, since it embodies various facets of inequality inherent in society. The typology of constantly reproducible principles of organization of architectural objects and spaces of power such as monumentality, static character, conciseness, verticality, hierarchy, the presence of a central structure, tradition, consistency, syncretism is clarified. It is shown that the emerging signs of inequality, embodied in architectural and urban planning decisions, participate in the formation of the social structure, reproduce and transform its value and semantic content. The basic principles of the organization of architectural objects and spaces of power are considered. Models for implementing these principles in the process of creating new loci of power are proposed. It is concluded that the hypothesis put forward by the authors that loci of power are the spatial embodiment of complex mechanisms for maintaining the dynamic balance of the social system is confirmed by the results of research on the semiotics of inequality in the structure of the architectural text.
    Keywords:
    semiotics of architecture, locus of power, topological segregation, inequality
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  • Ecological Trends of Modern Landscape Design

    Book Chapter
    Culture. Science. Education: Current Issues
    Author:
    Irina V. Berezkina
    Work direction:
    Глава 2. Наука
    Abstract:
    The author of the article outlines that at the end of the 20th and beginning of the 21st centuries, environmental problems were significantly aggravated in the world, which led to the loss of biological and landscape diversity, which significantly worsened the comfort of the human environment. The author also points out that in order to preserve and develop biological and landscape diversity, there is a need to develop and apply fundamentally new approaches of environmental design. The purpose of the study is to analyze the prerequisites and develop an ecological approach to the design of landscape architecture at the present stage. The object of research was the study of the formation and development of the principles of landscape and ecological architecture at the present stage of development. A general scientific method, based on the analysis of literary sources, systematization and generalization of theoretical and empirical data on the issue studied was applied. As a result of the study, it was found out that the basis of most modern urban land improvement and landscape gardening projects is the environmental principle, based on the restoration of ecosystems damaged as a result of anthropogenic activities. Landscaping projects carried out on the basis of the ecological design principle are aimed at preserving the natural topography and native vegetation on the territory of a particular object, its soil and hydrogeological conditions, using environmentally friendly materials and types of production, recycling and waste recycling, as well as wastewater treatment, reducing materials and labor input for the maintenance of the facility and much more.
    Keywords:
    ecology, landscape architecture, environmental design, habitat, biocenoses
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  • Ahsikent – A Unique Site of Fergana Valley

    Research Article
    Ethnic Culture No 1 (2)
    Author:
    Jasurbek Z. Akhmedov
    Work direction:
    Problems of Ethnic Cultures Preservation
    Abstract:
    The article is devoted to the issues of Ahsikent’s archaeological sites museumification. The aim of the article is to consider Ahsikent, which is the only thoroughly explored historical city of Ferghana, where as a result of archeological studies pottery in which iron and copper from Shakhristan were melted, as well as metal furnaces from artisans’ trade shops were found. Methods of study. The archaeological study of the site, which is described as "Fergana Afrosiyob", began in 1885. The results of the research. Excavations have shown that in the trade shops of Ahsikent various objects made with simplest metal and used for building and housekeeping, as well as swords and kargases that are capable to cut stones and not break when bending. The author also outlines that items found on the territory of Ahsikent indicate a high level of development of various crafts: pottery, metallurgy of bronze, contexture, jewelry, etc. The article also describes the methods of chemical conservation of sites, in particular, specific steps to restore the historical site of the The article also describes methods of chemical preservation of sites, specific steps to restore the historical site are proposed, among them: restoration of the ancient medieval appearance of Ahsikent with drawings and reliefs that depict the landscapes of Ahsikent; demonstration of the political, social and economic state of Ahsikent (writing, medical articles, coins); publication of decorative and applied art created by artisans (ceramics, glassware, jewelry), items related to military art (weapons of soldiers, arrows, bows), architectural structures (fragments of architectural decoration, foundations, stone products, ceramic pipes, wall paintings). It is concluded that it would be advisable to organize a multi-sided, deep and thorough study of the site of Ahsikent by attracting appropriate different specialists, turn Ahsikent into an open-air museum and introduce this area to international tourist destinations.
    Keywords:
    museum, architecture, Ahsikent, archeology, excavations, artefacts, ornaments, exhibits
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  • Kompozitsiia: immersivnyi diskurs professii i bazovaia paradigma khudozhestvenno-proektnoi podgotovki

    Book Chapter
    Culture. Science. Education
    Author:
    Olga E. Zhelezniak
    Work direction:
    Глава 1. Культура
    Abstract:
    The article is devoted to the consideration of composition role in architecture and design, which seems to be a kind of propaedeutic block of the profession, immersive discourse, as well as the basic paradigm of art-project training. The author of the article studies the actual compositional techniques and concepts of modern project practice, interpreted as internal mechanisms and patterns of life in the professional space, a special system of «entry» into the specifics of art and project activities. The author outlines that formed on the basis of such an ideology, the author’s course on the basics of composition reflects key aspects of a compositional language formation taking into account immersive perception and serves as a way of introducing into the profession, mastering compositional thinking. The author comes to the conclusion that proposed approach allows students to integrate into the profession organically, sets the forms of immersing in art and project realities.
    Keywords:
    design, architecture, composition, art-project training, immersive discourse, immersing in the profession
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  • Programma SketchUp dlia 3D-modelirovaniia i dizain-proektirovaniia obektov inter'era

    Book Chapter
    Education and science: current trends No 4
    Author:
    Mariia A. Bakhmisova
    Work direction:
    Парадигмы современного образования
    Abstract:
    Modern information technology gives a person the opportunity to engage in research and creativity. Creative potential in modern society is very much appreciated in any profession, therefore it needs to be opened and developed as early as possible. An important component of information technology are computer systems that a person uses in almost all areas of his life. Among these areas can be identified architecture, design and construction. Today, there are a huge number of pro-grams that allow you to simulate realistic three-dimensional objects in construction and environmental design. The list of applications that are used for everyday life is great. Such software includes: Autodesk 3Ds Max, Autodesk Revit, Blender, Floor-Plan 3D, Google SketchUp Pro, Home 3D, VisiCon, Sweet Home 3D. The article lists only some of them. Also reflects their features, the advantages that can help further study. The choice of the program for 3D modeling was made in favor of SketchUp. This is due to the fact that this software product has a number of advantages and not so many free-access courses have been developed for it. The advantages of SketchUp include its accessibility to a wide range of users, ease of operation, which makes it easier for even the most inexperienced user to learn how to work in this program. Creative potential is now very much appreciated in any profession, there-fore it needs to be opened and developed as early as possible. And it is SketchUp that easily helps anyone to do this, at any age.
    Keywords:
    design, SketchUp, Autodesk Tinkercad, Blender, Sweet Home 3D, architecture, construction, interior design, environment design, software complex, 3D house
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