Baatr U. Kitinov

this article explores the spiritual culture of the Oirats against the backdrop of major historical transformations during the Yuan and early Ming dynasties. The authors briefly examine the shift in the Oirats religious beliefs from the shamanism that prevailed in the pre-Mongol period to the gradual adoption of Buddhism through migration and contact with other cultures. Our research reveals that the Oirats developed a rich culture encompassing an epic heritage and a body of mythological and religious concepts. The article traces the role of political and cultural factors, including the partici...