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List of publications on a keyword: «mos»

  • Иван Грозный: личность, политика и роль в формировании Московского государства

    Proceeding
    Education, innovation, research as a resource for community development
    Authors:
    Liliia V. Rovnaia, Anastasiia O. Karaseva
    Work direction:
    Исследования в образовании и образовательные практики как инструмент принятия решений
    Abstract:
    This article analyzes the reign of Ivan the Terrible. It examines the ruler's domestic and foreign policies and the results of his actions. It also examines the psychological and social foundations of Ivan the Terrible's personality, which influenced his reign and the development of the state. The study highlights the tsar's contradictory nature as a ruler, combining harsh authoritarianism with reformist activity and piety.
    Keywords:
    modernization, Orthodoxy, autocracy, centralization of the state, Moscow statehood

  • The profession of a German philologist today. Comparative analysis of the content and features of teaching the discipline in Russia and Germany

    Book Chapter
    Modern Challenges of Education and Psychology of Personality Formation
    Author:
    Tat'iana A. Lenkova
    Work direction:
    Глава 12
    Abstract:
    The chapter reveals the content of the profession «German philologist», analyzes the level of demand for linguists in the modern world, and offers an overview of the content of educational programs in the specialty «German philology» at Russian and German universities. The author has tried to identify similarities and differences in educational programs, to identify their advantages and disadvantages. Based on the analyzed palette of the proposed areas of study in the specialty «German studies», the most popular options for future applicants are highlighted.
    Keywords:
    German philologist, German philology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, University of Berlin, linguistic direction, pedagogical direction
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  • The Moscow Karaite Community of the Twentieth Century (According to the Memoirs Recorded in the 1990S From the Old-Time Karaites of Moscow)

    Review Article
    Ethnic Culture Volume 4 No 4
    Author:
    Sergei S. Mikhailov
    Work direction:
    Ethnography, Ethnology and Anthropology
    Abstract:
    The Karaites are one of the very small, but at the same time the most interesting ethno-confessional groups that appeared in the second half of the 19th – early 20th centuries. in a number of large cities of Central Russia, including Moscow. The purpose of the article is to acquaint readers and the scientific community with the results of a study of the Moscow diaspora of Karaites. When writing this article, the author primarily relied on field materials collected by him since 1993, by recording the memoirs of Moscow Karaites-old-timers. This ethnic group, whose representatives began to move from the middle of the XIX century. from the Crimea and, partly, Lithuania, professes a heretical stream of Judaism, founded in the 8th century. Babylonian Jew Anan ben David. Initially, the Russian (Crimean and Lithuanian) Karaites considered themselves part of the Jewish world, however, due to certain political reasons, they began to move away from Jewish identity, presenting themselves as a separate ethnic group professing an independent religion. The history of the Moscow Karaite diaspora is a very vivid example of such an evolution. Based on the method of field research, it was revealed that within the Karaite society, which numbered only a few hundred people, there were contradictions that did not contribute to unanimity in the diaspora and its religious parish. After 1989 there were no attempts to revive religious life. The activists of the community continued to develop new (in the author’s opinion – incorrect) assumptions regarding the origin of the Karaite people and their faith. At present, the Karaite diaspora, which never exceeded several hundred people in Moscow, is in the final stage of assimilation.
    Keywords:
    religion, tradition, Karaites, Moscow, ethno-confessional group, cemetery
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  • «In Dreams the Soul Travels Everywhere, and Sometimes Back to Our Small Native Land»: the Language of Dreams of Representatives of the Chuvash and Mari Diasporas of the Moscow Region

    Research Article
    Ethnic Culture Volume 4 No 4
    Author:
    Marina V. Kutsaeva
    Work direction:
    World languages and literature
    Abstract:
    The article deals with one of the most interesting and fairly unstudied functions of the ethnic language in the conditions of the internal diaspora – the language of dreams. Based on the data of her own field research, the author’s goal is to identify the topics and situations in which the representatives fix their dreams in their ethnic languages. In the present article the author uses the data obtained as a result of the sociolinguistic surveys conducted in two diasporas of the Moscow region: the Chuvash diaspora (the sample was 100 people) in 2014–2017, and in the Mari diaspora (the sample included 106 people) in 2019–2021. Both surveys were devoted to identifying and describing the functioning of the ethnic language, its interaction with the Russian language in the context of the multilingual and multicultural space of the Moscow region. The results, obtained in the surveys, reveal that 27% of respondents in the Chuvash sample and 49% in the Mari in the first generation have dreams in their respective ethnic languages. These dreams are closely correlated, according to the respondents, fluent speakers, with the subject of dreams and are associated with relatives and friends in their small homeland (often with deceased ancestors), with a certain place or event in the small homeland. In addition, dreams in «their» language also come in emotionally loaded situations, for example, in a state of stress. Respondents with a poor command of an ethnic language (natives of urban settings, as well as the majority of second-generation representatives in the sample) practically do not record dreams in their ethnic language. The author concludes that this particular function is deeply connected with some other functions, such as a communicative or a sacred one in addition, it reflects certain linguistic ideologies that are discretely dominant in these linguistic communities.
    Keywords:
    Chuvash language, Moscow region, Mari language, ethnic language, internal diaspora, functions of the language, language of dreams
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  • Analysis of some features of digital educational platforms

    Theses of Report
    Socio-Pedagogical Issues of Education and Upbringing
    Authors:
    Iuliia V. Zhulidova, Esmira K. Alyshova
    Work direction:
    Тенденции развития цифрового образования
    Abstract:
    The paper presents a comparative analysis of the selected digital educational platforms. The analysis took into account such components as, for example, the registration requirement, the presence of built-in instructions, the possibility of use on other platforms, the simplicity of the interface, the availability of ready-made courses.
    Keywords:
    Moodle, Stepik, digital educational platforms, Resh, Uchebnik, mos, analysis of digital educational platforms
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  • Domestic education in the period of "enlightened absolutism"

    Proceeding
    Topical Issues of Archaeology, Ethnography and History
    Author:
    Sergei L. Danilchenko
    Work direction:
    Исторические исследования
    Abstract:
    Domestic education in the period of "enlightened absolutism" made a significant step forward. By the time of Catherine II's accession to the tsarist throne, education expenses amounted to only 0.15% of the state budget. By 1794, 1.28% was already allocated for education in the country, and 9% was spent on the maintenance of the Empress's court. At the end of the XVIII century, there were about 550 different educational institutions in the Russian Empire, in which up to 62,000 students studied. Among them there were about 400 public schools, over 60 theological seminaries and about 60 class-closed educational institutions.
    Keywords:
    Domestic education, the period of "enlightened absolutism", education costs, the state budget, a network of educational institutions, Moscow University, public schools, theological seminaries, class-closed educational institutions
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  • Muslim Tatars of the Nekrashun Parish: History and Modernity

    Review Article
    Ethnic Culture Volume 4 No 1
    Authors:
    Svetlana V. Gribova, Sergei A. Miskiewicz
    Work direction:
    Ethnography, Ethnology and Anthropology
    Abstract:
    The article follows the Nekrashun parish of Tatar-Muslim origin on various deep historical processes, from its origin to the present day. The purpose of the article is the observe features of the social and cultural life of the Tatars of the Nekrashun parish, to consider the role of Islamic traditions and the local mosque in the life of the population. The material for the study was the information revealed in the Lithuanian State Historical Archive, in the archive of the Grodno State Museum of the History of Religion. Much attention is paid to genealogy as a method of historical research, personal history. The work provides biographical information of imams, muezzins, active figures of the Tatar community.The authors analyze the historical stage of the infection of the Nekrashun parish in the period from the 15th-16th centuries to the present day, special attention is paid to the interwar period of infection of the twentieth century. It was revealed that Nekrashun people and its outskirts were the site of an ancient settlement of the Tatar-Muslims in the Belarusian lands. The time of the most active development of the Nekrashun parish was the interwar period, accompanied by the development of the policy of the Polish state. At that time, the mosque, which was destroyed during the First World War, was rebuilt, a Muslim school and a parish house were builded. The mosque is about high density for the local Tatar-Muslim population. It performed a consolidating function, leading to the preservation of the Tatar community. Religion is a consequence of the emergency, preventing the assimilation of the population living in an integral Muslim environment.
    Keywords:
    Mosque, Belarusian Muslim Tatars, parish, imam, mizar, muezzin
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  • Moscow Mari: Ethnic Culture in the Internal Diaspora

    Research Article
    Ethnic Culture Volume 3 No 4
    Author:
    Marina V. Kutsaeva
    Work direction:
    Special Theme of the Issue: Languages and Culture of Finno-Ugric people
    Abstract:
    The article deals with the problem of maintaining and preserving Mari ethnic culture in the conditions of an internal diaspora. The purpose of the article is to identify the conditions for maintaining and to determine the prospects for preserving Moscow Maris’ ethnic culture in Moscow’s multicultural urban space. Methods. In 2019–2021, the author of the article conducted a sociolinguistic survey in the Mari diaspora of the Moscow region; the selective sample includes 106 respondents (100 respondents belong to the first generation of the Mari diaspora, six to the second). One of the aspects of the survey was to study markers of ethnic identity in two generations of the diaspora. Results. The results, obtained in the interviews, reveal that Mari culture (knowledge and observance of Mari traditions and customs) is one of the key markers of ethnic identity in the first generation (coming only third after the small homeland and the Mari language markers). Respondents in the second generation demonstrate remnant knowledge of ethnic cultural practices due to a weak intergenerational transmission of the Mari language. The author concludes that in order to preserve ethnic traditions and customs in the diaspora, it is extremely important to maintain an ethnic language; at the same time, as the world practice of revitalizing minority languages shows, ethnic culture can be viewed as a source of initiation into an ethnic language, and later become a channel for its maintenance.
    Keywords:
    Moscow region, ethnic culture, ethnic identity, Mari language, ethnic language, internal diaspora, revitalization of minority languages
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  • The Ontological Dimension of Everyday Life in the Mythopoetic Picture of the World

    Research Article
    Ethnic Culture Volume 3 No 2
    Author:
    Natalia P. Ryabchun
    Work direction:
    Ethnography, Ethnology and Anthropology
    Abstract:
    The article deals with the concept of a home in traditional culture. It is argued that in the mythopoetic tradition, universal principles of creating a house were formed. This deserves attention today, because the main thesis in the concept of a home was the idea of the ontological dimension of everyday life, of the close connection of the spiritual and the material, of the connection of philosophical ideas and everyday actions. In traditional culture, everyday life was associated with the origins of being, was the sphere of application of creative forces. The object of research is the practice of building peasant houses in the medieval period, as well as in the XVIII-XIX centuries, their architecture and interior, their relationship with the surrounding landscape. The author uses general historical, semiotic and hermeneutical methods of research. The article systematizes the architectural principles of building a traditional home, which made the peasant house a prototype of the cosmos, a model of the universe. The author analyzes such structural elements of the mythological picture of the world as the tree of life, the world axis, the cross, the sacrifice, and their application in architecture. The author considers the ideas about the heterogeneity of space in the mythological culture and how they were used in the construction of the house; the function of doors, windows, gates in the symbolic structure of the house is investigated. The conclusion is made about the trinity of information, energy and matter in traditional culture.
    Keywords:
    folklore, mythopoetic picture of the world, concept of a home, ontology, traditional dwelling, semantics of ritual, archaic consciousness, world tree, cosmos, sacrifice
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  • Specifics of the Mosaic Reflection Method of Elements of Ethnic Culture

    Research Article
    Ethnic Culture No 4 (5)
    Author:
    Iurii A. Kuzmin
    Work direction:
    History and Theory of Art Questions
    Abstract:
    The article reveals the specifics of the methodology for studying ethnic elements of culture. The nomological paradigm of reflection of the socio-humanitarian sphere constituted the scientific status of ethno-cultural knowledge, at the same time leveling the subjective aspects, created a unification of forms and content, which inevitably led to a distortion of its actual parameters. As a tool for overcoming the imperfection of the classical principles of reflecting the phenomena of ethnic culture, they proposed a method of mosaic reconstruction that allows us to identify the relationship between elements of ethnic culture on the basis of common values. Mosaic reconstruction of ethnic culture reveals the logical relationship between its elements, forms of manifestation, and the totality of prerequisites and grounds. In a general sense, the method of mosaic reconstructions involves the following procedures, such as fixing specific ethnic elements of culture, creating a complex of links of ethnocultural integrity, determining the principles of interaction of system elements with the external and internal environment, applying the mechanism for restoring cultural integrity based on the principles of a cultural research program, visualizing a holistic image ethnic culture. The methodology of mosaic reconstruction is based on the fact that culture is the product of a social form of existence that expresses itself in the corresponding spheres of social activity, the restoration of which in its entirety is a necessary condition for creating an exhaustive image of culture. The author comes to the conclusion that mosaic reconstruction of ethnic culture reveals the logical relationship between its elements, forms of manifestation, and the totality of prerequisites and grounds.
    Keywords:
    methodology, cognition, ethnic culture, mosaic reconstruction method, theory of cognition
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  • Ethnic Musical Culture of Moscow Mari (II)

    Research Article
    Ethnic Culture No 3 (4)
    Author:
    Marina V. Kutsaeva
    Work direction:
    Problems of Ethnic Cultures Preservation
    Abstract:
    The article deals with the problem of maintaining and preserving the ethnic musical culture of the Mari people in the conditions of the diaspora. The purpose of the article is to determine the prospects for preserving the ethnic musical culture of members of the Mari diaspora in the framework of integration processes in the multicultural Moscow region. Methods. The article is based on the data obtained when conducting a sociolinguistic survey in the Mari diaspora of the Moscow region; the selective sampling include 100 respondents, all of them are natives of the Republic of Mari El or places of traditional compact settlement of the Mari ethnic group, currently living in Moscow or in the Moscow region. One of the aspects of the survey was to study the respondents’ language loyalty, which indirectly manifests itself in in the knowledge and observance of ethnic musical culture. In particular, the respondents were asked questions about the language or languages in which they are likely to sing or listen to songs, about the value and significance of Mari songs in their lives. Based on their answers, tables, reflecting the results, were drawn. Results. According to the results of the sociolinguistic survey in the Mari diaspora, a vast majority of the respondents (96%) listen to (and/or sing) songs in their ethnic language one way or another, under completely different circumstances and using a wide range of modern technologies and telecommunications. The representatives of the Mari Diaspora take an active part in various cultural and musical events, which are held not only within the framework of the ethnic Mari community in Moscow, but also on the private initiative of young Mari activists. The author concludes that the ethnic musical culture, which the members of the Diaspora maintain both independently and in groups, undoubtedly plays an important role in uniting the Moscow Mari people and attracting new members of the Mari Diaspora, it slows down assimilation processes and contributes to the preservation of their ethnic and cultural identity.
    Keywords:
    Moscow region, Mari diaspora, Mari ethnic culture, Meadow Mari, Hill Mari, Eastern Mari
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  • Ethnic Musical Culture of Moscow Mari (I)

    Research Article
    Ethnic Culture No 2 (3)
    Author:
    Marina V. Kutsaeva
    Work direction:
    Problems of Ethnic Cultures Preservation
    Abstract:
    The article deals with the problem of maintaining and preserving the ethnic musical culture of the Mari people in the conditions of the diaspora. The purpose of the article is to determine the prospects for preserving the ethnic musical culture of members of the Mari diaspora in the framework of integration processes in the multicultural Moscow region. Methods. The article is based on the data obtained when conducting a sociolinguistic survey in the Mari diaspora of the Moscow region; the selective sampling includes 100 respondents, all of them are natives of the Republic of Mari El or places of traditional compact settlement of the Mari ethnic group, currently living in Moscow or in the Moscow region. One of the aspects of the survey was to study the respondents’ language loyalty, which indirectly manifests itself in in the knowledge and observance of ethnic musical culture. In particular, the respondents were asked questions about the language or languages in which they are likely to sing or listen to songs, about the value and significance of Mari songs in their lives. Based on their answers, tables, reflecting the results, were drawn. Results. According to the results of the sociolinguistic survey in the Mari diaspora, a vast majority of the respondents (96%) listen to (and/or sing) songs in their ethnic language one way or another, under completely different circumstances and using a wide range of modern technologies and telecommunications. The representatives of the Mari Diaspora take an active part in various cultural and musical events, which are held not only within the framework of the ethnic Mari community in Moscow, but also on the private initiative of young Mari activists. The author concludes that the ethnic musical culture, which the members of the Diaspora maintain both independently and in groups, undoubtedly plays an important role in uniting the Moscow Mari people and attracting new members of the Mari Diaspora, it slows down assimilation processes and contributes to the preservation of their ethnic and cultural identity.
    Keywords:
    Moscow region, Mari diaspora, Mari ethnic culture, Meadow Mari, Hill Mari, Eastern Mari
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  • Preservation of the Chuvash Ethnic Culture in the Conditions of the Moscow Region Diaspora Group

    Research Article
    Ethnic Culture No 1 (1)
    Author:
    Marina V. Kutsaeva
    Work direction:
    Problems of Ethnic Cultures Preservation
    Abstract:
    The article deals with the problem of preservation of Chuvash ethnic culture in the conditions of diaspora. The purpose of the article is to determine the prospects of preserving the ethnic culture of the members of the Chuvash diaspora in the framework of integration processes in the multicultural environment of the Moscow region. Methods. The author of the article conducted a sociolinguistic survey in the Chuvash diaspora of the Moscow region; the selective sampling included 100 respondents (85 respondents belong to the first generation of the Chuvash diaspora, 15 – to the second). One of the aspects of the survey was to study the respondents’ language loyalty, which indirectly manifests itself in in the knowledge and observance of ethnic traditions and customs. The respondents were asked questions concerning the criteria of their belonging to the Chuvash ethnic group, observance of national traditions and customs, features of the Chuvash ethnic culture, intergenerational transmission of ethnic culture. Based on their answers, tables on age cohorts for representatives of both generations were compiled. Results. More than half of the respondents in the sampling in the first generation (55%) observe Chuvash traditions and holidays, especially representatives of younger and middle cohorts; in the second generation, ethnic culture is somewhat fading (27%). More than half of the respondents in the first generation (58.6%) intend to transmit knowledge about their ethnic culture to children. Women in the sampling rather tend to transmit material culture, while men spiritual one. The author concludes that, despite the fact that living far from the small homeland affects the preservation of ethnic culture, however, at present, in the conditions of polycultural urban environment, the diaspora is the most demanded form of social adaptation, especially among the younger generation, among whom many demonstrate an active life position and involvement in the process of preserving Chuvash ethnic culture in the Moscow region.
    Keywords:
    Chuvash diaspora, Moscow region, Chuvash ethnic culture
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