Diana V. Riazantseva

The article is devoted to the characteristics of the educational environment as an object of scientific research. The article presents the results of an analysis of scientific research in the fields of philosophy, sociology, psychology, and pedagogy. The characteristics and role of the educational environment in shaping the personality of a preschooler are described.

The communication of modern children takes place in conditions of a combination of live communication and communication using gadgets. In preschool age, which is a sensitive period for the development of communicative skills, they quickly get used to short messages in messengers instead of using full phrases, they begin to use facial expressions and gestures less, and they pay less attention to the emotions of their interlocutor. This makes it difficult to effectively develop communicative skills. Due to the identified relevance of this problem, the article examines the main factors affecting...

вопросы психологической готовности к самостоятельной жизни оказываются крайне актуальными для студентов с умственной отсталостью, которые сталкиваются со многими трудностями, обусловленными особенностями развития, а также теми условиями, в которые они попадают, начиная самостоятельную жизнь в общежитии. В связи с этим в статье приводятся результаты проведенного анализа и обобщения работ авторов, посвященных проблеме психологической готовности к самостоятельной жизни у студентов с умственной отсталостью.

The issues of psychological readiness for independent living turn out to be extremely relevant for students with mental retardation, who face many difficulties due to their developmental characteristics, as well as the conditions they find themselves in when starting an independent life in a dormitory. In this regard, the article presents the results of the analysis and generalization of the authors' works on the problem of psychological readiness for independent living among students with mental retardation.