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List of publications on a keyword: «Chuvash»

  • Chuvash mystical stories: content component

    Research Article
    Ethnic Culture Volume 5 No 2
    Author:
    Elena V. Fedotova
    Work direction:
    World languages and literature
    Abstract:
    The work is devoted to the analysis of texts of Chuvash epics recorded from the end of the XIX to the beginning of the XXI centuries. in the Chuvash villages of the Volga-Ural region. The purpose of the study is to identify the features of the content of the texts of Chuvash bylichek, to introduce them into scientific circulation. The study presents the classification of bulls compiled by the author. The work is based on archival and own field materials. The texts are analyzed in a descriptive aspect. At the same time, the author turns to ethnographic and linguistic approaches in the work. A distinctive feature of the Chuvash bylichka is its content: a description of the landscape, furnishings, traditional costume, jewelry, local cultural features. In addition, bylichkas are characterized by enumeration of endemic toponyms, details, the use of certain sets of plots, the mention of household items, tools, harness items, and the performance of various kinds of deeds. The most amazing are the narratives about the transformations of people with supernatural abilities into various household items (cloth, chair, pillow) or into animals (cat, dog, calf, lamb) and back into a person, the transformation of the mortgaged dead into horses, harness items. The ending of the epics often contains the syncretism of two religions: pre-Christian and Christian.
    Keywords:
    classification, Chuvash folklore, bylichka, traditional existence, mythological character, content component
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  • General extralinguistic factors reinforcing specific ideas about the Cheboksary regiolect of the Russian language

    Research Article
    Ethnic Culture Volume 5 No 2
    Author:
    Eduard V. Fomin
    Work direction:
    World languages and literature
    Abstract:
    The study is devoted to the study of the conditions for the formation and functioning of the Cheboksary regiolect of the Russian language, which is distinguished by a number of stable linguistic parameters. The peculiar sound of the speech of the Cheboksary people has developed under the significant substrate influence of the Chuvash language, among the speakers of which there are currently active processes of a linguistic shift in favor of Russian. The work is written in the aspect of sociolinguistics and is based on the author’s long-term observations of the self-esteem of Cheboksary residents and their assessment by visitors. The purpose of the research is to expand the understanding of extralinguistic factors that do not directly affect the specifics of the speech of Cheboksary people, but at the same time enhance the impression of it from outside observers. The article deals with non-linguistic specific features inherent in the capital of the Chuvash Republic, including geographical, climatic, anthropological, technological and other components. Their presence greatly enhances the perception of the sound of the Russian speech of the inhabitants of Cheboksary and its agglomeration as a unique phenomenon of modern Russian culture. In turn, the specific conditions that support the Cheboksary regiolect are the result of a long historical and social process, including the mass migration of the population in the past, the mixing of different ethnic groups among themselves and the formation of modern peoples in their visually fixed physical features, anthropological impact on the ecumene, etc. in relation to the territory of Chuvashia and nearby regions.
    Keywords:
    Chuvash language, Russian language, language contacts, regional variants of the Russian language
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  • Didactic and aesthetic features of Ivan Yakovlev's stories

    Review Article
    Development of education Volume 6 No 1
    Author:
    Inessa V. Iadranskaia
    Work direction:
    Pedagogy and Modern Education
    Abstract:
    The literary creativity of I.Ya. Yakovlev is analyzed in this article. It's noted that his works harmoniously combine didactic and aesthetic features. In the history of the Chuvash literature I.Ya. Yakovlev became one of the founders of the Chuvash juvenile literature. His stories are distinguished by vivid imagery and language simplicity. The heroes of the works (people, animals, plants) are characters close to understanding, living next to young readers. The relevance of the study stems from the fact that the works of I.Ya. Yakovlev can be widely used in the moral and spiritual education of preschool and primary schoolers. In this regard, the purpose of this article was to focus attention on the fact that when analyzing the writer's stories, it is necessary to consider the Chuvash national mentality, didactic and aesthetic features at the same level. Only such an analysis contributes to a deeper understanding of the main idea of the work.  The research subject is Ivan Yakovlev's short stories-miniatures and scientific research of Chuvash literary critics. As part of the study, the following results were obtained: folklore becomes a significant phenomenon in Yakovlev's stories, his work became the first step and the basis of the Chuvash juvenile literature.
    Keywords:
    Chuvash literature, Ivan Yakovlev, juvenile literature, short story, didactic features, aesthetic methods
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  • Making a panel based on the Chuvash fairy tale “Yuman-batyr”

    Review Article
    Development of education Volume 6 No 1
    Author:
    Svetlana G. Sokolova
    Work direction:
    Practice
    Abstract:
    The purpose of the article is to describe one of the forms of professional training of future leaders of the arts and crafts studio, namely: the implementation of a creative project of ethno-cultural orientation. The main research method is the analysis of literary sources. Students of the Chuvash State Institute of Culture and Arts made a panel using the collage technique “Making a panel based on the Chuvash fairy tale “Yuman-Batyr”. At the first and second stages of the project implementation, the Chuvash fairy tale “Yuman-Batyr” was studied, the selection of visual, graphic and textual materials was carried out, the selected materials were organized into a block collage. The article provides a feasibility study for the manufacturing process and describes in detail the sequence of creating a panel “based on the Chuvash fairy tale “Yuman-Batyr”. In the conclusions, it was noted that the project as a whole contributed to the formation of the main professional competencies of future heads of the arts and crafts studio.
    Keywords:
    panel, collage, Chuvash fairy tale “Yuman-batyr”
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  • Dynamics of the number of Chuvash speakers on the basis of the 2002–2021 Russian population censuses

    Research Article
    Ethnic Culture Volume 5 No 1
    Author:
    Ektor Alos-i-Font
    Work direction:
    World languages and literature
    Abstract:
    The situation of the Chuvash language in the Russian Federation is presented in the light of the 2020 population census. The aim of the study is to understand whether the tempos of the language shift have changed compared to the previous decade. For the sake of comparison, the process of ethnic assimilation of the Chuvash population is also studied. The differences between the five regions with the highest concentration of Chuvash speakers are analyzed, and the position of Chuvash in Chuvashia is contrasted with the one of the official languages in the other five republics of the Volga Federal District. Research results. The analysis shows a serious deterioration in the quality of the 2020 census data compared to previous ones. This problem is partially solved by weighting them. The results show an average annual decline of about three percent of Chuvash speakers at both the Federation and Chuvashia levels throughout the 2010–2020 decade. This represents a doubling of the rate in comparison to the previous intercensal period. This degree of language shift is similar to that observed for Chuvash in Tatarstan and Bashkortostan, but lower than in the Ulyanovsk and Samara regions. The other official languages of the District have drops in the number of speakers in their respective republics similar to those of Chuvash in Chuvashia, including Tatar in Tatarstan. An apparent exception is Bashkir, but the data also indicate serious issues for the languages of Bashkortostan.
    Keywords:
    Chuvash language, official languages in Russia, Russian 2020 population census, language shift, ethnic assimilation, Volga Federal District
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  • The image of gypsies in the Chuvash linguistic culture

    Research Article
    Ethnic Culture Volume 5 No 1
    Authors:
    Eduard V. Fomin, Lilia V. Illarionova
    Work direction:
    World languages and literature
    Abstract:
    The work is devoted to the analysis of the image of gypsies in the Chuvash linguistic culture. In the message, linguoculture is understood as a phenomenon that summarizes all manifestations of culture reflected through language. The study is based on the Chuvash linguistic material, folklore and literary texts, as well as other information related to the gypsies. The study is based on a scientific analysis of the Chuvash speech products marked by the mention of gypsies and is generally retrospective in nature. Nevertheless, the conclusions are still relevant in today’s realities. Gypsies in Chuvashia are a newly-minted ethnic group, to a small extent introduced into its social reality and closed from the outside world. They are not included in the circle of peoples who are in close contact with the Chuvashs, however, they are often mentioned in folklore texts from the positions of ethnocentrism, most of which determine their negative perception. At the same time, the image of gypsies is reflected in Chuvash fiction, and here they are mainly described as positive characters, objectively requiring empathy, if only because they are part of the central characters. Chuvash ideas about gypsies largely correlate with their perception by Russians.
    Keywords:
    ethnography, folklore, Chuvash, gypsies, gypsy studies
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  • Composer A. A. Egorov in the History of the Musical Culture of Chuvashia

    Review Article
    Ethnic Culture Volume 4 No 4
    Author:
    Lyubov I. Bushueva
    Work direction:
    Ethnography, Ethnology and Anthropology
    Abstract:
    The article is devoted to the creative connections of the famous Soviet conductor and composer A.A. Egorov with the musical culture of Chuvashia in the 1930s. The purpose of the work is to recreate the historical picture of these connections, to determine his contribution to the Chuvash art and to identify the characteristic features of the interpretation of the national song folklore. The material of the study was musical texts of works by A.A. Egorov (first of all, the author’s collection «Folk Songs Arranged for Mixed Choir by A. Egorov»), as well as his theoretical and methodological work in the field of choral arrangement of folklore primary sources. Using the analytical method, the author traces the history of the appearance of choral arrangements by A.A. Egorov on the themes of Chuvash folk songs, the musical and poetic text of the most popular work «Kolkhoz uy-khire» («Kukkuk») («Kolkhoz fields» («Kukushka», «Kukuk!”)) is analyzed. It is concluded that the communication of A. A. Egorov with the head of the team the Chuvash composer V. P. Vorobyov inspired him to create ten miniatures for a cappella choir. Among the Chuvash adaptations, the most popular was «Kolkhoz uy-khire» («Kukkuk») – «Collective Farm Fields» («Kukushka»). Her undoubted success in the artistic culture of the 1930s let us explain not only the folklore theme successfully chosen by the composer, the organic interaction of the found methods of arranging the folklore source with the typical features of A. Egorov’s creative style as a whole, but also the masterful use of all musical and expressive resources. Together with other works by A.A. Egorov’s adaptation of «Kolkhoz uy-khire», included in the golden fund of Russian choral literature, can be called a classic of the musical art of Chuvashia.
    Keywords:
    musical folklore, Egorov, Vorobyov, Chuvash State Choir, choral arrangement
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  • The Image of a Bear in the Chuvash Culture

    Research Article
    Ethnic Culture Volume 4 No 4
    Author:
    Eduard V. Fomin
    Work direction:
    World languages and literature
    Abstract:
    The work is devoted to the study of the image of the bear in the Chuvash linguistic culture and aims to study its properties in the perception of the Chuvash people in a broad ethnographic aspect, including linguistic (etymological, onomastic), as well as folklore approaches. The material of the study was the texts of oral folk art and ethnographic developments containing information about bears. The author also refers to thematic developments in the field of Finno-Ugric studies, since the Finno-Ugric peoples are representatives of the forest culture, which invariably implies a significant participation of bears in their lives. The study is based on traditional methods: scientific understanding of oral folk art and analysis of ethnographic literature. The bear is a popular character in Chuvash folklore. At the same time, it does not have an unambiguous assessment in the Chuvash culture: the bear is an ingenuous creature, as a result of which it loses to a cunning person. At the same time, the Chuvash recognize the bear as a symbol of strength. Analogues in the perception of the bear are more likely to be traced in Russian linguistic culture than in the cultures of the Volga-Kama peoples, many of whom, primarily the Finno-Ugric peoples, recognize the bear as a totem animal. A number of Chuvash texts about bears are nomadic plots.
    Keywords:
    ethnography, folklore, Chuvash language, bear
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  • «In Dreams the Soul Travels Everywhere, and Sometimes Back to Our Small Native Land»: the Language of Dreams of Representatives of the Chuvash and Mari Diasporas of the Moscow Region

    Research Article
    Ethnic Culture Volume 4 No 4
    Author:
    Marina V. Kutsaeva
    Work direction:
    World languages and literature
    Abstract:
    The article deals with one of the most interesting and fairly unstudied functions of the ethnic language in the conditions of the internal diaspora – the language of dreams. Based on the data of her own field research, the author’s goal is to identify the topics and situations in which the representatives fix their dreams in their ethnic languages. In the present article the author uses the data obtained as a result of the sociolinguistic surveys conducted in two diasporas of the Moscow region: the Chuvash diaspora (the sample was 100 people) in 2014–2017, and in the Mari diaspora (the sample included 106 people) in 2019–2021. Both surveys were devoted to identifying and describing the functioning of the ethnic language, its interaction with the Russian language in the context of the multilingual and multicultural space of the Moscow region. The results, obtained in the surveys, reveal that 27% of respondents in the Chuvash sample and 49% in the Mari in the first generation have dreams in their respective ethnic languages. These dreams are closely correlated, according to the respondents, fluent speakers, with the subject of dreams and are associated with relatives and friends in their small homeland (often with deceased ancestors), with a certain place or event in the small homeland. In addition, dreams in «their» language also come in emotionally loaded situations, for example, in a state of stress. Respondents with a poor command of an ethnic language (natives of urban settings, as well as the majority of second-generation representatives in the sample) practically do not record dreams in their ethnic language. The author concludes that this particular function is deeply connected with some other functions, such as a communicative or a sacred one in addition, it reflects certain linguistic ideologies that are discretely dominant in these linguistic communities.
    Keywords:
    Chuvash language, Moscow region, Mari language, ethnic language, internal diaspora, functions of the language, language of dreams
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  • On the Question of the Cheboksary Shibboleth

    Short Communication
    Ethnic Culture Volume 4 No 3
    Author:
    Eduard V. Fomin
    Work direction:
    World languages and literature
    Abstract:
    The work is devoted to the study of the shibboleth in the speech culture of the inhabitants of the capital of Chuvashia. A shibboleth is a word that has absorbed the specific features of a language and is used to identify people for whom this language is not native. The relevance of the study is due to the very existence of the phenomenon of shibboleth in the everyday life of the residents of Cheboksary, which has not yet been studied from the point of view of linguocheboksary. The purpose of the study is to formulate a language unit that maximally concentrates the specific features of the Russian speech of the inhabitants of the city of Cheboksary. The material of the study was the speech samples of Cheboksary residents, during the quantitative and qualitative analysis of which a shibboleth was derived in the form of an interrogative phrase “Skazhite, pozhaluysta, nasha konferencia budet zavtra?” (Tell me, please, will our conference be tomorrow?). At the same time, checking with a shibboleth involves the task of transforming the specified phrase into the Cheboksary regiolect of the Russian language. Completing the task according to the linguistic preferences prevailing in Cheboksary should lead to the invariant “Skazhite-ka, u nas konferencia zavtra budet, chto li?”. The author of the work simultaneously considers Russian shibboleths aimed at the Chuvash linguistic culture, and vice versa. In the Chuvash environment, words with a concentration of a kind of Chuvash phonetics can act as a shibboleth aimed at Russians. In turn, the reproduction of the Russian shibboleth in the Chuvash environment, due to the developed Chuvash-Russian bilingualism, practically does not present any problem in modern realities.
    Keywords:
    Chuvash language, Russian language, language contacts, shibboleth, accent
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  • About the Results and Conclusions of Checking the Level of Formation of Textual Competencies of Younger Schoolchildren in Their Native (Chuvash) Language

    Research Article
    Development of education Volume 5 No 2
    Author:
    Tamara V. Artemyeva
    Work direction:
    Pedagogy and Modern Education
    Abstract:
    The purpose of the article is to substantiate approaches to the development and description of tools for monitoring the level of formation of textual competencies of younger schoolchildren in the Chuvash language, to present the results of checking the level of formation of textual competencies of younger schoolchildren in their native Chuvash language. The main research methods: analysis of the methodology of formation and monitoring of general communication skills of younger schoolchildren, the results of All-Russian testing works of students in the 4th grade of the Chuvash Republic in Russian in order to identify difficulties, diagnostics of the level of formation of textual competencies in the native language of students in grades 1-4 of Chuvash schools. The importance of primary education and the importance of language learning, including the formation of textual competencies in younger schoolchildren, is pointed out. The main problems of providing the Chuvash primary school with didactic materials for the development of native speech, as well as tools for monitoring the level of formation of textual competencies are highlighted. An assumption about the expediency of creating and tools for monitoring the level of formation of textual competencies within the framework of the development of a set of didactic materials on the Chuvash language for grades 1-4 is put forward. Research results and conclusions. The necessity of developing verification works designed to ensure the unity of the educational space of the Chuvash Republic for teaching the Chuvash language, including by providing educational institutions with uniform verification materials and uniform criteria for evaluating educational achievements, is substantiated. The purpose and objectives, the methodology of developing diagnostic materials for determining the level of formation of textual competencies are clarified. The materials and results of diagnostics of textual competencies of younger schoolchildren in the Chuvash language are described. The ideas and provisions implemented in the materials for determining the level of formation of textual competencies in the Chuvash language were successfully tested in grades 1-4 in a number of Chuvash schools, and also approved by teachers.
    Keywords:
    educational results, tools, Chuvash language, native language, relevance, textual competencies, All-Russian test papers
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  • On the Issue of the Preparation of Educational and Methodological Kits for the Development of Speech and Teaching the Native Language, Literary Education for Chuvash Kindergartens

    Research Article
    Development of education Volume 5 No 2
    Author:
    Tamara V. Artemyeva
    Work direction:
    Дискуссия
    Abstract:
    The purpose of the article is to substantiate approaches to the development of educational and methodological kits for preschool educational institutions of the Chuvash Republic on the development of native speech and teaching native language, literary education in the Chuvash language. Research material. Literature analysis, study of the history of the formation and development of methods of speech development and literary education of pre-school students: the views of the founders of the methodology of speech development (E.I. Tikheeva, E.A. Fleerin, O.I. Soloviev, etc.) and literary education of pre-school students (M.M. Konina, L.M. Gurovich, Z.A. Gritsenko, etc.). The need for a systematic approach to work on speech development (E.I. Tikheeva), justification of the approach to the lesson as the main leading form of education (M.M. Alekseeva, V.I. Yashina), modern requirements of the Federal State Educational Standard in working with preschoolers and the views of classical teachers (E.A. Fleerin, A.P. Usova, O.A. Skorolupova), the importance of a comprehensive approach to solving speech development problems (F.A. Sokhin, O.S. Ushakov), the peculiar tasks of familiarization with fiction, different approaches to the purpose of a children's book, studies of the peculiarities of artistic perception among preschoolers, changing views on the role of a children's book and its aesthetic nature (L.M. Gurovich), the origin of the methodology of literary education of preschoolers (Z.A. Gritsenko), the unresolved issue of the organization of work on the formation of a large "talented" reader, the validity of organizing direct educational activities in kindergarten to familiarize with literature (M.M. Konina, M. Gurovich, O.S. Ushakova, N.V. Gavrish). Research results and conclusions. The conceptual approaches to the development of educational and methodological kits for the development of speech and teaching native (Chuvash) are substantiated language, literary education of pre-school children in Chuvash kindergartens. The ideas and provisions implemented in teaching aids have been successfully tested in a number of Chuvash kindergartens and have been accepted by teachers.
    Keywords:
    standard, Chuvash language, speech development, native language teaching, educational and methodical manual, literary education of preschoolers, brief history
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  • Ethnographic Notes of N. V. Nikolsky on the Chuvash People of the Village of Apanasovo-Temyashi

    Research Article
    Ethnic Culture Volume 4 No 2
    Author:
    Olga N. Egorova
    Work direction:
    Ethnography, Ethnology and Anthropology
    Abstract:
    The work is devoted to the analysis of ethnographic records of the doctor of historical sciences, professor N. V. Nikolsky about the Chuvashs of the village of Apanasovo-Temyashi, Yalchik district of the Chuvash Republic, stored in the scientific archive of the Chuvash State Institute of the Humanities. The materials of the scientist are valuable historical sources that describe the general picture of the everyday life of the Chuvash village at the turn of the 19th-20th centuries. The collection of ethnographic material was carried out by the researcher through participant observation as part of his expedition. A special layer in the fund of N. V. Nikolsky is represented by Chuvash folk songs, which reveal links with modern vocal culture. The work is based on the analysis of archival documents in their relationship with historical events in general and the biography of N. V. Nikolsky in particular. The study aims to introduce newly discovered documents into scientific circulation, as well as song material, which is important from the point of view of folklore. The ethnographic materials of N.V. Nikolsky are important not only for the descendants of the inhabitants of Apanasovo-Temyashi: his work in the study of the history, ethnography, folklore and language of the Chuvash is of national importance.
    Keywords:
    Chuvash ethnography, Chuvash village at the turn of the 19th-20th centuries, Chuvash songs
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  • Literary Translation Into English of Peter Khuzangai’s Poem “The Poet”

    Research Article
    Ethnic Culture Volume 4 No 2
    Authors:
    Svetlana N. Vasilyeva, Anna V. Gordeeva
    Work direction:
    Languages of the Nations of the World
    Abstract:
    The purpose of the article is to present a literary translation into English of P. Khuzangay’s poem «A Poet» and to make a comprehensive analysis of it. The object of the study is the text of P. Khuzangay’s poem «A Poet» and the literary translation of S. N. Vasilyeva «A Poet». The novelty of the work lies in the fact that a literary translation and a comprehensive analysis of this poem were carried out for the first time. Based on the methods of analytical reading, theoretical analysis of literature, search, contextual analysis, comparative analysis, the language of the work (morphology, syntax, vocabulary, style) is considered and the relationship between the ideological and artistic conception of the poem with its linguistic features is revealed. The methods used in the process of literary translation made it possible to preserve the idea of the poem, the features of the composition and to select the appropriate means of artistic expression. In the work of P. Khuzangay, the philosophical problem of the poet's destiny and his work is touched upon. The composition of the poem is three-part, the size is a three-foot trochee with cross-rhyming throughout the entire poem, the intonation is narrative. The translation was made using the technique of rhetorical exclamation. The temporal organization is interesting: throughout the poem, verbs are transmitted in the present tense. The translation is dominated by complex sentences. As a rule, a stanza corresponds to one sentence. Alliteration and assonance are used to enhance sound expressiveness and achieve speech imagery.
    Keywords:
    Chuvash literature, literary translation, rhythmic pattern, means of expression, sound writing, colour painting
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  • The Language and Culture of the Siberian Chuvash as an Object Of Research

    Review Article
    Ethnic Culture Volume 4 No 1
    Author:
    Albina Kiran
    Work direction:
    Ethnography, Ethnology and Anthropology
    Abstract:
    This article is devoted to the problem of maintaining and preserving the ethnic culture and language of the Chuvash living in Western Siberia. The purpose of the work is to initiate the beginning of linguistic and, in general, ethnographic studies of this diaspora group of the Chuvash people, the existence of which is an interesting scientific problem. The author mainly relies on the already published scientific developments of Siberian scientists. In fact, these studies are written in the genre of an essay. It provides information about the language, demographic situation, folklore and religion of the Chuvash of the specified region. Studies have shown that the Chuvash of the metropolis and Siberia retain many common features in traditions, customs, religious practice and culture. Their first generation tries to preserve the ethnic culture to the maximum extent possible. The new settlers, as a rule, speak the language and observe the traditional ritual and festive culture, while representatives of the Chuvash Republic often take a significant part in their life. Subsequent generations are more exposed to the processes of language shift and de-ethnization. Observations show that in order to maintain and preserve an ethnic culture, it is extremely important to recognize the need to maintain an ethnic language.
    Keywords:
    language, population, ethnic culture, Siberian Chuvash
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  • Training students of the College of Culture for a stage performance of the Chuvash folk dance

    Review Article
    Ethnic Culture Volume 4 No 1
    Author:
    Liudmila N. Nyanina
    Work direction:
    Ethno-Cultural Problems of Education
    Abstract:
    Folk dance is an important tool in preparing students of the College of Culture for teaching as leaders of an amateur creative team. The content of their training includes the choreographic creativity of different peoples. The purpose of the article is to determine the necessary and sufficient minimum knowledge about the specific features of the Chuvash national choreography so that students can use this knowledge to implement choreographic productions, improve performing techniques and embody the manner of performing the Chuvash folk dance. The material of the research was the author's long-term observations of the Chuvash folk choreography, passed through personal experience of staging dances for the professional stage. The work is based on the description method and in general is of a review nature. Folk dance is the most expressive layer of the Chuvash culture. It contains a significant potential necessary to maintain the vital properties of the Chuvash ethnos. In particular, it has unique ethnic features and only in some cases allows borrowing from other peoples. In general, the Chuvash dance in movements repeats the aesthetics of national embroidery. Important properties in the Chuvash dance are endowed with hands: women's movements are extremely smooth and slow, men's are sharp and fast. The position of the hands, combined with the movement of the legs and the body as a whole, create a unique ethnic flavor. Chuvash dances have dialectal differences according to ethnographic groups, while they are based on a single complex, historically dating back to rituals and ceremonies.
    Keywords:
    ethnography, Chuvash, folk dance, hand position in the dance
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  • Chuvash Folklore in the Creative Work of Performing Musicians and Music Teachers of Chuvashia

    Review Article
    Ethnic Culture Volume 4 No 1
    Author:
    Lyubov I. Bushueva
    Work direction:
    Ethno-Cultural Problems of Education
    Abstract:
    The article is devoted to the study of the creative experiences of Chuvash amateur authors – performers and teachers who created compositions based on national musical folklore. The purpose of the work is to draw the attention of musicians of Chuvashia to the valuable Chuvash composer and performer creativity and to promote the introduction of the creative heritage of performers and teachers of the past into the educational process of institutions of additional and professional education. The subject of the study was the compositions of performers and teachers, created by them on the material of Chuvash musical folklore. Based on the methods of theoretical analysis, the author traces the history of the development of pedagogical and instructional direction in Chuvash music, and reviews existing textbooks. The author pays special attention to the Piano Chrestomathy by O. Ya. Agakova. It is concluded that folklore takes a significant place in the creative practice of Chuvash performers and teachers of musical disciplines. This, on the one hand, is due to the powerful potential of folklore and the relatively late formation of Chuvash professional music, on the other. Such developments have educational potential and are a valuable source of performing repertoire. The development of music education in the Chuvash Republic is unthinkable without relying on existing traditions and developing new textbooks.
    Keywords:
    Chuvash music, musical folklore, educational and methodical manual, Agakova, Maksimov
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  • Learning Toponyms at School

    Research Article
    Development of education Volume 4 No 4
    Author:
    Anna S. Egorova
    Work direction:
    Дискуссия
    Abstract:
    The article is devoted to the issues of learning toponyms at school. The relevance of the topic is determined by the effectiveness of using toponyms to form students' cultural competencies, to achieve their personal, meta-subject and subject results. Practice shows that the names of geographical objects always arouse great interest among students. Methods used in the study: analysis of scientific and methodological literature on this topic; study and generalization of the experience of teachers working on this topic; observation of the educational process. The results of the work are identification of the most effective methods of using toponyms in the lessons of the Chuvash language and literature for the implementation of educational and educational tasks, compilation of a questionnaire for collecting toponyms, development of methodological recommendations for the organization of research activities of students on this topic. The practical value of this work is determined by the possibility of applying its results by teachers in the classroom and outside of school hours. The author comes to the conclusion that studying the names of geographical objects helps to achieve the planned results, develop cultural competence, learn the history and culture of the native land, realize that language is not only a means of cognition and communication, but also a form of expression of national culture.
    Keywords:
    toponyms, types of toponyms, methods of teaching the Chuvash language, achievement of planned results, questionnaire for collecting Chuvash toponyms, lexical and semantic analysis of toponyms, word-formation analysis of toponyms
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  • World War I Through the Eyes of a Cavalryman: an Overview of the Diary Entries

    Review Article
    Ethnic Culture Volume 3 No 4
    Author:
    Elena V. Fedotova
    Work direction:
    Ethnography, Ethnology and Anthropology
    Abstract:
    The work is devoted to the analysis of the field diaries of the participant of the First World War V.D. Efremov (1890–1978), a native of the Chuvash village of Ilyutkino, Staro-Maksimkinskaya volost, Chistopol district, Kazan province. The purpose of the research is to study the document in the context of historical events and introduce them into scientific use. The work is based on the author's field materials. The document is analyzed from a historical perspective. At the same time, in this work, the author turns to ethnographic and literary approaches. V.D. Efremov (1890–1978) – cavalryman of the 5th squadron of the 14th Dragoon Little Russian regiment. His diary entries were made in Russian in 1915 on the territory of Belarus. The value of this document lies in the fact that it represents the records made during the hostilities themselves. There is not so much evidence of this kind in Russian historiography. The records allow us to trace the movement of a soldier for more than six months and his perception of military events. Interesting in the diary is a poetic text in the Chuvash language, the author of which is K.D. Efremov, brother of a soldier. The song is filled with philosophical content and was written in the folklore traditions of the Chuvash people.
    Keywords:
    World War I, 14th Little Russian Dragoon Regiment, war diary, Chuvash recruitment song
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  • Ethnocultural Relations in the Republics of the Middle-Volga Region

    Research Article
    Ethnic Culture Volume 3 No 4
    Author:
    Veronika J. Arestova
    Work direction:
    Ethnography, Ethnology and Anthropology
    Abstract:
    The information presented in the article describes the results of the sociological survey of ethnic and cultural relations in the Ethnic Republics of the Volga Federal District, namely the Chuvash Republic and the Mari El Republic. The purpose of the research was to highlight issues concerning some aspects of ethnic culture, specifically intercultural communication among young people (of 16–30 years old) in Cheboksary (the capital city of the Chuvash Republic) and Yoshkar-Ola (the capital city of the Mari El Republic). The research was focused on revealing the tolerant or intolerant, respectful or disrespectful attitude of native young people (representatives of the prevalent ethnicity) to other ethnic groups. The study was conducted using the methods of interviewing by means of computer-assisted web questionnaire. The answers were collected from university students. In conclusion, it was established that in general, native people from the Chuvash Republic and the Mari El Republic are non-conflict, tolerant and friendly.
    Keywords:
    intercultural communication, Chuvash, ethnic and cultural relations, Mari, ethnic groups
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  • Socio-Psychological Mechanisms of Entrepreneurial Activity in the Youth Environment

    Book Chapter
    Economics: Issues, Strategy, Monitoring
    Authors:
    Anna N. Zakharova, Galina S. Dulina, Svetlana M. Shiverova
    Work direction:
    Глава 5
    Abstract:
    Entrepreneurship in Russia and the Chuvash Republic is undergoing new phases of development, a new generation of entrepreneurs has appeared, the one that formed under contemporary socio-economic conditions. The article examines the results of the undertaken empiric research on psychological peculiarities of young entrepreneurs, socio-psychological mechanisms of entrepreneurial activity in modern environment, economic and psychological as well as socio-psychological phenomena in modern entrepreneurship. Features of value sphere, subjective economic wealth, professional types of personality, socio-psychological setup of young entrepreneurs, engaging in entrepreneurial activity in the Chuvash Republic and Russia.
    Keywords:
    youth-led entrepreneurship, psychological peculiarities, socio-psychological mechanisms, subjective economic wealth, value sphere, COVID-19 conditions, the Chuvash Republic
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  • Visitors' View on the Dialect of Cheboksary – 2

    Research Article
    Ethnic Culture Volume 3 No 3
    Authors:
    Tamara N. Erina, Eduard V. Fomin
    Work direction:
    Languages of the Nations of the World
    Abstract:
    The research continues the cycle of the group of authors devoted to the problem of regional variation of the Russian literary language. The paper analyzes the observations of newcomers over the speech of Cheboksary residents. This technique is new in the linguocheboksaryka and, in theory, should help in replenishing the markers of the Cheboksary region with elements that are familiar to the permanent residents of the city, but from the point of view of the Russian literary language are specific uses. As a result of the study, the authors come to the following conclusions: from the point of view of orthology, the speech of Cheboksary residents is distinguished by stable peculiar features, which, however, are already recognized by the inhabitants of the city as such; in the aspect of research methods, the method of talking with visitors can work fully at the beginning of research, at an advanced stage of developing the problem, its effectiveness decreases, but this conclusion does not become a condition for abandoning the method, but requires an increase in the number of respondents and complication of the conversation. The work also presents excerpts from conversations that made Cheboksary residents think about the quality parameters of their speech and the speech of townspeople in general. The study seems to be important for understanding the Cheboksary regioelct of the region as a phenomenon of the Russian language.
    Keywords:
    Chuvash language, Russian language, language contacts, Cheboksary regiolect of the Russian language
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  • Previously Unknown Reviews of the "Thesaurus of the Chuvash Language" by N.I. Ashmarin

    Review Article
    Ethnic Culture Volume 3 No 3
    Author:
    Irina P. Semenova
    Work direction:
    Reviews and Peer-Reviews
    Abstract:
    The article provides an overview of reviews of the «Dictionary of the Chuvash language» by N.I. Ashmarin, published in foreign scientific journals. The thesaurus became available to a wide circle of Western linguists after its release in 1968 in the form of a photolithographic edition with a foreword by G. Durfer at the Indiana University in the USA. The research material was reviewed by J. Benzing, G. Dörfer, B. Scherner, M.J. Dresden, K.G. Menges and W. Brands. Many of these documents are kept in the scientific archive of the Chuvash State Institute of the Humanities. The work is written in a scientific vein. The purpose of this work is to introduce into the scientific use of Russian Chuvash studies reviews of N.I. Ashmarin. The thesaurus of the Chuvash language of the outstanding scientist received positive reviews from many foreign colleagues with a worldwide reputation. This work for them became the best source of information about the Chuvash language. For the development of Ashmarin studies, it is important to publish documents, including reviews, one way or another related to the scientist. In this regard, reviews are important documents that contribute to an objective assessment of the results of the scientific activity of the researcher.
    Keywords:
    Chuvash language, lexicography, Ashmarin studies, review
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  • On the Issue of Teaching Creative Writing to the Primary School Students

    Research Article
    Development of education Volume 4 No 3
    Authors:
    Tamara V. Artemyeva, Oleg I. Pechnikov
    Work direction:
    Pedagogy and Modern Education
    Abstract:
    The purpose of the article is to determine the importance of teaching creative writing to younger schoolchildren. The urgency of the problem of teaching creative writing in the native Chuvash language is due to the need for the formation of text competencies in younger schoolchildren, the lack of formation of their native writing skills, especially creative writing. Material and methods of research. The main research methods were the study of literature, the analysis of teachers 'difficulties and errors in the students' works. A brief history of the issue is considered: the ideas of developing creative writing skills among foreign researchers: the most successful start of learning creative writing is 4-5 years old (M. Montessori), the need to believe in the creative abilities of a child (S. Frenet); leading domestic teachers: every child is born a potential writer (L. N. Tolstoy), the experiments of V. A. Sukhomlinsky and Sh. Amonashvili on composing fairy tales and stories by students, I. Ya. Yakovleva on teaching creative writing to students of the Chuvash Simbirsk school; the main provisions of the Chuvash linguodidacts: the support of written creativity on the development of oral speech (M. Ya. Sirotkin), on the observation of objects, phenomena (F. T. Timofeev), the need to study the structure and content of the text from the first grade (V. E. Efimov, I. V. Drozdov, L. P. Sergeev), the need to work on composing miniature texts in the native language lessons (D. S. Filippova). The main problems in teaching creative writing in the Chuvash primary school are highlighted. The assumption is made about the effectiveness of planning within the hours allocated to the native language, creative writing lessons. The results of the study. The purpose and tasks, features of the organization of creative writing lessons in grades 2-4 of Chuvash schools are described: it is recommended to conduct one lesson every two weeks, the main goal is the formation of a comprehensively developed language personality. The main directions, methods and forms of work: work on the content, structure of the text; on language tools, editing. It is concluded that the idea and provisions of the methods are accepted by teachers, and the lessons of creative writing are introduced into the practice of the Chuvash primary school.
    Keywords:
    native language teaching, relevance, short history, Chuvash linguodidactics, teaching creative writing, state of the problem, lessons of creative writing, organization features, main directions, methods and forms of work
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  • To the Question of Interaction of Chuvash and Azerbaijan Cultures: Ancientry and Modernity

    Research Article
    Ethnic Culture Volume 3 No 1
    Author:
    Vladimir A. Vasilyev
    Work direction:
    Special Theme of the Issue: Research of Chuvash Language and Culture of Chuvashia
    Abstract:
    In the development of modern ethnic cultures, there is a paradoxical situation: the more powerful the onset of comprehensive globalization, aimed at the destruction of national cultures, the more actively they develop. “To blame”, in our opinion, is the ethnocultural code, which rebelled against the dominance of the virus of the death of national cultures and thus led to the flourishing, boom of ethnic cultures. Convincing evidence of this is the deep fundamental processes of revival taking place in the Chuvash national culture. Thus, the unique Kokelev International Plein Air has rightfully become a synthesis of the picturesque national schools of Russia, Belarus and Ukraine. The national TV and radio company “Chavash En” was established. Recreated “Chuvashkino”, designed to develop their national culture. There is a return from oblivion of the runic writing of the Chuvash people. A program for the development of the Chuvash language was adopted. And, as it were, the apotheosis of the renaissance of the Chuvash ethnic culture was the establishment of the Chuvash Embroidery Day on November 26 by the Decree of the Head of the Chuvash Republic. Globalization pressure is also causing an increase in interest in learning about other cultures. we tell about this phenomenon on the example of Chuvashia and Azerbaijan. In soviet times in Azerbaijan, few people knew that the Chuvash were a Turkic people. Tatarstan knew, Bashkortostan knew, and the Chuvash – the Turkic people – didn't [6]. The aim of our work is to study the interaction of Chuvash and Azerbaijani cultures in historical retrospect, as well as to draw the attention of scientists of Chuvashia, Russia and Azerbaijan to this problem, which is of great cognitive and scientific importance. The author comes to the conclusion that scientists-humanitarians of Chuvashia, Russia and Azerbaijan can and should combine their efforts to create a comprehensive study of the interaction of the cultures of the Chuvash and Azerbaijani nations in historical retrospect.
    Keywords:
    history, Cheboksary, ethnic culture, Chuvashia, Azerbaijan, Suvars, Bulgarians, Bilasuvar, Vata Suvar, pagan religion, Zoroastrianism, runic writing, embroidery, ethno-cultural code
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