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List of publications on a keyword: «school»

  • Status and achievements in the prevention of school-related non-communicable diseases of children and teenagers

    Book Chapter
    Theoretical and practical aspects of pedagogy and psychology
    Author:
    Tatiana V. Matveichik
    Work direction:
    Глава 11
    Abstract:
    The Year of Peace and Creation declared by the President of the Republic of Belarus Lukashenko A.G. Decree No. 1 of January 1, 2023, gave greater incentive and specificity in the design of public health promotion measures youth in the republican action plan. The health of pupils and students is in the area of interest socially oriented state, as evidenced by the systemic work and achievements in the field of solving the problems of demographic security, versatile international cooperation of the Ministry Health care Republic Belarus, opinions conferences at the level of Ministers of Health in Vienna (1988) and Munich (2000) [21, p. 15–20; 35, p. 175–178]. A holistic approach to the creation in schools of the Republic of Belarus healthy learning environment is a strategy used to effective school health since 2000. FRESH initiative (Focusing Resources on Effective School Health «Forming Resources for Effective School Health») has been identified in partnership with UNESCO, UNICEF, WHO and the World bank. Essential Components for a Child-Friendly School («Child Friendly Schools») or «Health Promoting Schools students» («Health Promoting School») focused on interventions that could be effectively implemented even in the least resourced schools [5, p.25].
    Keywords:
    nurse, preventive care, health promoting school
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  • Reflexive technology as a pedagogical tool to support high school students in the process of professional self-determination

    Book Chapter
    Theoretical and practical aspects of pedagogy and psychology
    Author:
    Tat'iana F. Usheva
    Work direction:
    Глава 13
    Abstract:
    The chapter discusses the theoretical and methodological foundations for supporting the professional self-determination of high school students, modeling the reflexive technology of the process of supporting professional self-determination and its implementation in the space of an educational organization. The idea of the study is that the result of supporting professional self-determination of high school students is an understanding of personal characteristics considered in line with reflective activity, and most importantly, the acquisition of self-determination skills. The purpose of the study is to create and describe the theoretical and conceptual foundations of the model of reflexive technology for supporting the professional self-determination of high school students in the framework of secondary education. Research results show that the development of students' reflective skills and the preservation of a sustainable professional interest occur as a result of the implementation of reflective technology. The author comes to the conclusion that self-promotion in professional and personal terms can be considered the meaning of the process of supporting the professional self-determination of high school students.
    Keywords:
    self-determination, reflection, accompaniment, profile education, reflective technology, reflective skills, high school student
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  • Respect for elders as a tradition of upbringing in a modern Khakass family

    Review Article
    Ethnic Culture Volume 5 No 3
    Author:
    Klavdiya I. Sultanbaeva
    Work direction:
    Ethno-Cultural Problems of Education
    Abstract:
    The article discusses the results of an empirical study of the tradition of raising respect for elders in children of six or seven years old in a modern Khakass family. The relevance of the study is due to the need to familiarize the younger generations with the traditional values of the people and the formation of the spiritual and moral culture of the child's personality. The purpose of the study is to study the traditions of upbringing in the Khakass family, namely, a respectful attitude towards elders. One of the tasks of the work was the study of the moral ideas of children of senior preschool age. The study was conducted in the kindergarten “Kalinka” in Abakan on the basis of empirical methods and the research methodology “Subject Pictures”. The modern Khakass family is influenced by transformational processes and partially preserves ethno-cultural traditions. The tradition of respect for elders and adults is recognized by respondents as significant in the moral education of children, but is not considered as an independent cultural value. In the modern Khakass family, the described tradition in the moral education of children is partially preserved. In the moral ideas of older preschoolers, holistic reasoning about good and bad, good and evil prevails, there is an idea of helping elders, but the understanding of the concept of “respect for elders” is still poorly formed.
    Keywords:
    senior preschooler, moral ideas, tradition of respect for elders, Khakass family
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  • Development of narrative speech in older preschoolers with ONR (III level of speech development) using elements of the TRIZ method

    Proceeding
    The Topical Issues of the Humanities and Social Sciences: from Theory to Practice
    Authors:
    Valeriia A. Kolesnikova, Svetlana G. Leshchenko
    Work direction:
    Коррекционная педагогика
    Abstract:
    The article presents the results of an experimental study of the development of narrative speech in older preschoolers with general speech underdevelopment (III level of speech development). The views of scientists on the specifics of the process under study in preschool children with ONR are considered. Criteria and indicators are presented, the characteristic of the levels of development of narrative speech is given. The conditions for the development of narrative speech in older preschool children with the third level of general speech underdevelopment are described. Conclusions are formulated based on the results of the control stage of the experiment, indicating the effectiveness of the use of elements of the TRIZ method in the development of narrative speech in older preschoolers with general speech underdevelopment (III level of speech development).
    Keywords:
    general underdevelopment of speech, TRIZ, older preschool children, narrative speech
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  • Analysis of high school students' perceptions of tutors in the educational process

    Research Article
    Development of education Volume 6 No 2
    Authors:
    Elena N. Luzgina, Milena E. Ivanova
    Work direction:
    Pedagogy and Modern Education
    Abstract:
    There is a growing need for high-quality education that prepares students for the complex challenges of the modern world. As a result, the use of tutoring services is becoming increasingly common in the education system. However, it is necessary to study the opinions of high school students about the role of tutors and the use of their services in the educational process to determine the effectiveness of this approach. The relevance of this research lies in determining high school students' perceptions of tutors' role in the educational process. High school students are a key group of tutoring service consumers, and their opinions about tutors' role in the educational process may influence decisions about using such services. In this study, a survey method was used. The survey questions addressed students' opinions about tutors' role in the educational process, as well as their personal experience with using tutoring services. The analysis of the data showed that high school students generally have positive attitudes towards tutors and consider them important helpers in the learning process. Most of the survey participants noted positive results from using tutoring services, such as improved academic performance and confidence in their knowledge. However, some drawbacks of using tutoring services were also identified, such as high cost, mismatch of the tutor's and student's knowledge levels, and insufficient effectiveness in some cases. The use of tutoring services can be an effective tool for improving academic performance and motivation among high school students, but the drawbacks and limitations of this approach should be taken into account. The results of this study can be useful for school administrations, parents, and high school students in making decisions about using tutoring services in the educational process.
    Keywords:
    educational process, motivation to learn, school, academic performance, high school students, tutors
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  • Use of museum resources in forming readiness to perform material functions in higher school students (by the example of the Chuvash Republic)

    Research Article
    Development of education Volume 6 No 2
    Author:
    Inna V. Illarionova
    Work direction:
    Pedagogy and Modern Education
    Abstract:
    The article is devoted to the problem of formation of readiness to perform maternal functions among students of a higher educational institution. The purpose of the work is to consider the role and possibilities of museums in solving this problem. The material for the study was the content of events held on the basis of the National Museum of the city of Cheboksary, namely tutor workshops. Based on the use of methods of theoretical analysis of psychological and pedagogical literature on the research problem, as well as systematization and generalization of work experience, the pedagogical potential of the Chuvash National Museum in the formation of readiness to perform maternal functions among students was revealed. The article emphasizes the importance of carrying out work in this direction, notes the leading role of museums in solving the problem of forming constructive maternal behavior in girls. The museum is considered as an educational center designed to implement the process of transferring cultural norms and experience of generations that are in demand in society at a certain stage of its functioning. The article describes the experience of introducing the tutor workshop “Motherhood” into the work of the national museum. The conclusions emphasize the importance of involving students in the work of a tutor workshop aimed at forming a value attitude towards motherhood.
    Keywords:
    motherhood, maternal behavior, readiness to perform maternal functions, higher school students, educational activities, tutor workshop
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  • Periodization of the development of public preschool education of children of non-Russian nationalities in the RSFSR (1917 – early 1930s.)

    Review Article
    Development of education Volume 6 No 2
    Author:
    Olga V. Bodenova
    Work direction:
    Pedagogy and Modern Education
    Abstract:
    The article presents the results of studying the organization of public preschool education of children of non-Russian nationalities in the RSFSR. The purpose of the study was to study the development of public preschool education of children of non-Russian nationalities in the RSFSR. Methods – analysis, comparison, generalization of archival and published sources, regulatory documents. The result of the study was the periodization of the development of public preschool education of children of non-Russian nationalities in the RSFSR. The chronological boundaries of the study define the stages of development of public preschool education of children of non-Russian nationalities: the indicative stage (1917–1923), the stage of formation (1923–1927), the stage of sustainable development (1928 – early 1930s.). Within each stage, the directions of development of public preschool education of children of non-Russian nationalities are highlighted and characterized: formation of management bodies for public preschool education of children of non-Russian nationalities, agitation and propaganda, creation of a network of preschool institutions, determination of the purpose and content of educational work, professional training of personnel for national preschool institutions. The results of the study deepen scientific knowledge on the history of the development of the Soviet system of public preschool education, expand the representation of the history of the development of the system of professional and additional education for the training of educators.
    Keywords:
    public preschool education, content of education, children of national minority, periodization of the development of preschool education, purpose of education, ideologization of education
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  • Formation of educational motivation of younger schoolchildren in conditions of different technical equipment of the educational process

    Research Article
    Development of education Volume 6 No 2
    Authors:
    Viktoria V. Usoltseva, Natalia G. Pidtsan, Alexandra V. Dorokhova
    Work direction:
    Psychology in Education
    Abstract:
    The article presents an analysis of the formation of educational motivation of younger schoolchildren in conditions of different technical equipment of the educational process. The relevance of the research is determined by the fact that in the modern world there is an active development of new technologies. Competent use of technical equipment in the educational process can only develop students' interest in obtaining knowledge, thereby increasing their level of educational motivation. The purpose of the study is to study the formation of educational motivation of younger schoolchildren in conditions of different technical equipment of the educational process. The authors hypothesized that younger schoolchildren studying in conditions of good technical equipment of the educational process have a higher level of motivation for educational activities. The sample set of the study was made up of students of the 2nd and 4th grades of budgetary educational institutions “secondary school №. 124”, “secondary school № 30”. The stages and the complex of psychological techniques are described. Features of conducting and results of the study of educational motivation of students of schools with different technical equipment. The study was conducted by testing the typology of teaching motives, assessing school motivation and its level in elementary school students. In conclusion, the article presents conclusions about the presence of differences in the educational motivation of students in different conditions of technical equipment. It was found that students of the 2nd grades in the conditions of modern equipment of the educational process are more motivated to study.
    Keywords:
    motivation, junior schoolchildren, educational motivation, technical equipment of the educational process, transformation of the educational environment
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  • Consolidation of ideas about length in children of senior preschool age with mental retardation

    Proceeding
    Pedagogy, Psychology, Society
    Authors:
    Alena V. Krylova, Oksana M. Kovalenko
    Work direction:
    Коррекционная педагогика
    Abstract:
    This article provides tasks for the educational area "Cognitive Development" in the sections "Sensory Development" and "Formation of Elementary Mathematical Representations", aimed at consolidating the concept of length in children of older preschool age with mental retardation.
    Keywords:
    senior preschool age, mental retardation (MPD), ideas about length
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  • Typology of cause-and-effect relationships to the methodology "Composing a story based on a series of plot pictures" for preschool children with general underdevelopment of speech

    Proceeding
    Pedagogy, Psychology, Society
    Author:
    Oksana M. Kovalenko
    Work direction:
    Коррекционная педагогика
    Abstract:
    The article describes the results of applying the theoretical research method - the method of analyzing scientific knowledge systems to study the possibilities of extending the previously developed typology of cause-and-effect relationships to the implementation of various options for the "Compilation of a story based on a series of plot pictures" methodology as part of speech therapy work with preschool children with general underdevelopment speech. Variants of this technique are described, their diagnostic and corrective significance is indicated. Further, in accordance with the previously formulated principles of cause-and-effect relationships, the distribution of didactic material is presented according to various options for conducting the methodology “Composing a story based on a series of plot pictures”. This material can be used to diagnose and correct verbal-logical thinking and coherent speech in preschool children with general speech underdevelopment.
    Keywords:
    coherent speech, preschool age, general speech underdevelopment (OND) of unknown origin, secondary mental retardation, verbal-logical thinking, causal relationships
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  • correction of anxiety in children of senior preschool age by means of art therapy

    Proceeding
    Pedagogy, Psychology, Society
    Author:
    Alina A. Leiman
    Work direction:
    Общая психология, психология личности, история психологии
    Abstract:
    В статье отмечается, что старший дошкольный возраст является этапом интенсивного психического и физического развития, данный возраст характеризуется особенностью развития познавательных и мыслительных психических процессов – внимание, воображение, речь, память, мышление, восприятие. В настоящее время отмечается увеличение числа детей, которые отличаются эмоциональной неустойчивостью, повышенным беспокойством и неуверенностью (тревожность). Проблема тревожности у детей актуальна в современном обществе, в дошкольных учреждениях всё чаще возникают вопросы о состоянии детей. В связи с этим происходит поиск эффективных методов и приёмов, которые будут способствовать преодолению тревожности. Одним из методов коррекции тревожности является метод арт-терапии, который даёт положительную динамику при использовании в коррекционной работе с детьми старшего дошкольного возраста.
    Keywords:
    preschoolers, art therapy, correctional work
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  • Ekologicheskoe obrazovanie v avtoshkolakh kak faktor formirovaniia mirovozzreniia ustoichivogo razvitiia

    Book Chapter
    Economics and Law
    Authors:
    Galina I. Sinko, Elena G. Tsyplakova, Iuliia G. Iankevich
    Work direction:
    Глава 8
    Abstract:
    The problem of an integrated approach to the ecologization of domestic education is important and relevant in the context of the formation of a sustainable development worldview in society. The inclusion of the basics of environmental education in the training program for drivers of various categories in driving schools is an important aspect of environmental education for adults. To date, issues related to the negative impact on the environment of vehicles and ways to minimize it are not included in the training programs at driving schools. In the chapter, using the method of ecological and economic assessment, it is proposed to assess what damage to the environment can be prevented if environmental issues are included in the educational programs of driving schools. Fostering a responsible attitude to the environment in the new generation of drivers is an important component of the development of ecological culture.
    Keywords:
    ecological education, ecological culture, ecologization of training in driving schools, ecology of motor transport, ecological literacy of motor transport drivers, harmful emissions of motor transport
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  • SUPPORT OF YOUNGER SCHOOLCHILDREN WITH SPEECH DISORDERS IN THE WORK OF A SPEECH THERAPIST TEACHER

    Proceeding
    Psychological and Pedagogical Support of General, Special and Inclusive Education of Children and Adults
    Authors:
    Ekaterina A. Shunina, Irina A. Kuvshinova
    Work direction:
    The essence of psychological security of the individual
    Abstract:
    The article discusses the process of organizing speech therapy assistance to children of primary school age on the example of a general education school in Moscow, describes the experience of speech therapists with children of primary school age who need speech therapy support.
    Keywords:
    inclusive education, children with disabilities, children of primary school age, speech therapy support, children with speech pathology
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  • Formirovanie interesa k knige u detei 5-6 let posredstvom sovmestnykh proektov DOU i sem'i

    Proceeding
    Psychological and Pedagogical Support of General, Special and Inclusive Education of Children and Adults
    Authors:
    Karina A. Pogorennaia, Elena V. Panferova
    Work direction:
    The essence of psychological security of the individual
    Abstract:
    Abstract: the purpose of the article is to describe the conditions for the formation of interest in the book in preschool children aged 5-6 years. And also the importance of cooperation between the DOW and the family to achieve the most prosperous and fruitful result in the process of forming interest in the book.
    Keywords:
    project activity, pedagogy, physiology, reading, Keywords: psychology, children 6-7 years old, preparation for school, reader's interest, interest in the book
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  • Formation of communicative and speech competence by a teacher-speech therapist of DOO in senior preschoolers with general speech underdevelopment using materials of a regional orientation

    Proceeding
    Psychological and Pedagogical Support of General, Special and Inclusive Education of Children and Adults
    Authors:
    Anna S. Strel'skaia, Iuliia A. Afonkina
    Work direction:
    The essence of psychological security of the individual
    Abstract:
    The article considers the problem of using regional-oriented materials as an important resource for the formation of communicative and speech competence in senior preschoolers with general speech underdevelopment (ONR) in the aspect of their life competence. The results of an empirical study on the study of the specifics of the communicative and speech competence of older preschoolers with ONR are presented and promising directions for its formation in speech therapy classes are determined. The author's model of speech therapy work on the development of communicative and speech competence in preschoolers with ONR using materials of regional orientation is presented.
    Keywords:
    life competencies, preschoolers with general speech underdevelopment, communicative and speech competence, regional component of preschool education
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  • Technologies for the development of spatial representations in preschoolers with mental retardation

    Proceeding
    Psychological and Pedagogical Support of General, Special and Inclusive Education of Children and Adults
    Authors:
    Anastasiia A. Kolosova, Iuliia M. Vasina
    Work direction:
    Security of educational activities during quarantine measures
    Abstract:
    This article is devoted to the problem of developing technologies for the development of spatial representations, the article defines concepts such as "technology" and "spatial representations". The main ways of correctional work of orientation development in space are revealed.
    Keywords:
    technology, mental retardation, preschool children, spatial representations
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  • Formation Conditions of the Motivation of Primary Students in the Family and Educational Environment

    Book Chapter
    Modern Challenges of Education and Psychology of Personality Formation
    Authors:
    Svetlana V. Gani, Natalia I. Konstantinova
    Work direction:
    Глава 10
    Abstract:
    The chapter presents the data of empirical research about the formation of educational and dominant motivation of elementary school children. The connections between the peculiarities of the motivational sphere and the conditions of its development in elementary school age – the styles of pedagogical leadership of the class and the family parenting styles are considered. The trends in the development of motivation of elementary school children in the system of the additional education are analyzed using a children's music school as a case study. It is shown that the success of a child's education in a children's music school is directly related to the diagnostics of musical abilities (the choice of an educational program); development of musical abilities; the formation of special skills and abilities; personal development (including the formation of a motivational system).
    Keywords:
    motivation, educational environment, pedagogical guidance, elementary school age, family parenting styles
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  • Features of research activities in elementary school

    Proceeding
    Modern Problems and Technologies of Innovative Development of Education
    Authors:
    Anastasiia V. Kirgizova, Natalia V. Abramovskikh
    Work direction:
    Well-Being and Security of a Person in Contemporary Educational Environment
    Abstract:
    This study describes the specifics of the implementation of research activities in elementary school. The purpose of this article is to determine the specifics of the organization of research activity of primary school children. The article outlines the component composition of research activity in order to diagnose the corresponding process in elementary school children. The features of research activity, specifically creative nature, scientific, versatility, consistency (or stages) and continuity are highlighted.
    Keywords:
    research activities, elementary school age, elementary school
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  • Interdepartmental interaction as an effective way of prevention of columbine among young people in Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug-Yugra

    Proceeding
    Socio-Economic Processes of Modern Society (for the 80th anniversary of Lev Panteleimonovich Kurakov)
    Authors:
    Olga I. Trukhina, Zukhra A. Tselishcheva
    Work direction:
    Социальные процессы в контексте глобализации
    Abstract:
    The article is devoted to the study of the effectiveness of the struggle of the regional authorities of the Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous Okrug - Yugra with the destructive movement of Columbine, which is rapidly gaining momentum in Russia. The relevance of the study is due to the fact that even despite a number of measures taken at the federal, regional and local levels immediately after a whole wave of massacres in Russian schools in the period 2014-2018, even in 2022 there are repeated precedents of seizures and murders of schoolchildren, as well as teachers within the Columbine subculture. At the same time, the content of the work focuses on the experience of interaction between the public regional departments of the Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous Okrug - Yugra among themselves, as well as with local authorities and organizations to prevent cases of columbine among the youth.
    Keywords:
    prevention, columbine, youth environment, schoolshooting, interagency cooperation, mass murder
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  • Development of narrative speech in 6-year-old children with general speech underdevelopment using TRIZ elements

    Proceeding
    Psychological and Pedagogical Research – Tula Region
    Authors:
    Valeriia A. Kolesnikova, Svetlana G. Leshchenko
    Work direction:
    Arrangement of Work with Talented and Gifted Children and Youth
    Abstract:
    Annotation. The paper presents the results of an experimental study of the development of narrative speech in older preschoolers with general speech underdevelopment (III level of speech development). The analysis of scientists' views on the specifics of the process under study in preschool children with ONR is presented. Criteria and indicators are presented, the characteristic of the levels of development of narrative speech is given. The conditions for the development of narrative speech in older preschool children with the third level of general speech underdevelopment are described. Conclusions are formulated based on the results of the control stage of the experiment, indicating the effectiveness of the use of elements of the TRIZ method in the development of narrative speech in older preschoolers with general speech underdevelopment (III level of speech development).
    Keywords:
    general underdevelopment of speech, Keywords: narrative speech, TRIZ, older preschool children
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  • "Возможности и реализация адаптации детей с ОВЗ дошкольного возраста на базе класса общеобразовательной школы"

    Proceeding
    The Development of Modern Education in the Context of Pedagogical Competenciology
    Authors:
    Anastasiia M. Klementeva, Natalia V. Mikheeva
    Work direction:
    Современные подходы в обучении и воспитании
    Abstract:
    The main idea of preschool adaptation of children with disabilities is to enable children and parents to realize and accept the characteristics of the child, his ability to work and study in a comprehensive school environment, the ability to get along with different children. In the class team, the teacher can contribute to creating an environment, a situation where the child feels more confident, giving a person a anticipatory positive assessment, and a student with increased aggressive behavior, on the contrary, to show other, more productive forms of interaction, gradually reducing the intensity of passions. So, in the process of upbringing, any child acquires an important social experience of adequate communication with peers and adults.
    Keywords:
    adaptation, preschooler, OVZ
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  • Features of the impact of the transition to distance learning during the Covid-19 pandemic on the level of anxiety and the appearance of learning fears in students of younger adolescence

    Proceeding
    Technopark of universal pedagogical competencies
    Author:
    Iuliia V. Semina
    Work direction:
    Развитие психолого-педагогического сопровождения в современном образовании
    Abstract:
    The article is aimed at studying the impact of the transition to distance learning during the COVID-19 pandemic on the psycho-emotional state of students of younger adolescence, namely on the level of anxiety and the appearance of specific learning fears. This topic does not lose its relevance to this day, because some schools still use this format, and it is important for adults (teachers and parents) to know and understand the condition of students. The results of the study showed a high level of anxiety of students during the transition to distance learning and such educational fears as the fear of a situation of testing knowledge on camera, the fear of technical failure and other educational fears specific to this format.
    Keywords:
    adaptation, distance learning, pandemic, school anxiety, school fears, younger adolescence
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  • School fears of younger teenagers during the Covid-19 pandemic

    Proceeding
    Technopark of universal pedagogical competencies
    Author:
    Iuliia V. Semina
    Work direction:
    Образовательный процесс в организациях общего и дополнительного образования
    Abstract:
    This work is aimed at studying the features of the manifestation of learning fears in boys and girls of early adolescence during school time during normal times and during the transition to distance learning in connection with the COVID-19 pandemic. The results of the study showed the presence of specific learning fears during the pandemic, as well as the relationship between the personality type of younger adolescents (masculine, feminine and androgynous) and learning fears such as “experiencing social stress”, “fear of a situation of knowledge testing”, “fear of not meeting expectations of others”, as well as “problems and fears in relationships with teachers”, “general school anxiety” and “low physiological resistance to stress”.
    Keywords:
    pandemic, COVID-19, school anxiety, junior adolescence, school fears, gender personality type
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  • Methods of educating a value attitude to nature in primary school children

    Proceeding
    Technopark of universal pedagogical competencies
    Author:
    Svetlana V. Klimova
    Work direction:
    Теория и методика обучения и воспитания
    Abstract:
    The problem of the article lies in the question: what techniques will be effective in educating primary school children of a value attitude to nature? The author suggests the selection of techniques and tasks in which the education of a value attitude to nature in primary school children will be effective.
    Keywords:
    education, values, primary school student, value relations
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  • THE USE OF PHONETIC RHYMES IN CORRECTING THE SYLAL STRUCTURE OF A WORD IN PRESCHOOL CHILDREN WITH MOTOR ALalia

    Proceeding
    Technopark of universal pedagogical competencies
    Author:
    Natalia V. Tikhonova
    Work direction:
    Коррекционная педагогика
    Abstract:
    One of the priority areas for the development of children at preschool age is speech development. According to statistics, the number of children suffering from speech pathology is increasing every year. In this regard, there is a search for effective methods and techniques that contribute to overcoming speech disorders. In the case of severe speech disorders in children, the phonetic side of speech suffers. One of the methods of speech therapy work is phonetic rhymes, the peculiarity of which is the combination of phonetic rhythm and movements in the process of pronouncing syllables, words and phrases.
    Keywords:
    preschoolers, motor alalia, syllabic structure of the word, correctional work, phonetic rhymes
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