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List of publications on a keyword: «language»

  • Developing the Language Culture of a Future Mathematics Teacher: Content and Stages of Formation

    Conference Paper
    Socio-Pedagogical Issues of Education and Upbringing
    Author:
    Natalia G. Matveeva
    Work direction:
    Содержание и технологии профессионального образования
    Abstract:
    The article discusses the current problem of forming a language culture as a key component of the professional competence of a future mathematics teacher. The author identifies and analyzes in detail three interrelated stages of this process in the system of professional education, emphasizing the integration of mathematical, logical, and methodological aspects of training.
    Keywords:
    logical thinking, pedagogical culture, mathematics teacher, Language culture, speech training, speech readiness
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  • GAMIFICATION TECHNOLOGY IN FORMING A LINGUISTIC AND CULTURAL COMPETENCE ON THE LESSONS OF THE RUSSIAN AND ENGLISH LANGUAGE

    Conference Paper
    The Topical Issues of the Humanities and Social Sciences
    Authors:
    Kseniia G. Petukhova, Alena G. Ivanova
    Work direction:
    Современные гуманитарные науки и проблемы языкознания
    Abstract:
    The article presents the experience of creating methodological techniques and practical exercises through gamification for the making of linguistic and cultural competence in the lessons of the Russian and English language.
    Keywords:
    innovation, English language, Russian language, bilingualism, gamification, dialogue of cultures, linguistic and cultural competence, teaching process, educational platform
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  • Intellectual game "Polyglot"

    Conference Paper
    The Topical Issues of the Humanities and Social Sciences
    Authors:
    Tatiana I. Stepanova, Liudmila A. Rodionova
    Work direction:
    Современные гуманитарные науки и проблемы языкознания
    Abstract:
    This development is intended for teachers of English and native languages. The material is suitable for middle and high school students as an extracurricular activity. The purpose of this event is to spark interest in learning English, Russian, and Chuvash. It broadens horizons and develops thinking, fosters interest and respect for the culture and traditions of the target language countries, as well as one's own country; and cultivates a culture of intellectual work. To increase interest, the teacher uses a group form of work organization, which increases the students’ learning and cognitive motivation.
    Keywords:
    language, development, thinking, interest, outlook, event, intellectual game, polyglot
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  • The relevance of knowledge of medical terminology when translating anatomical and histological material

    Conference Paper
    The Topical Issues of the Humanities and Social Sciences
    Authors:
    Kristina V. Vlasova, Oksana I. Samodurova
    Work direction:
    Современные гуманитарные науки и проблемы языкознания
    Abstract:
    This study is devoted to the difficulties of translating anatomical and histological vocabulary in written and oral texts. We consider terms that contain concepts expressed in Russian by the same lexeme, but when translating them into English, the context and basic medical phrases used in Latin should be taken into account.
    Keywords:
    English language, translation, term, Latin language, medical terminology, anatomical and histological terminology
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  • The role of motivation in the educational process and methods of its formation in learning a foreign language

    Book Chapter
    Issues of education and psychology
    Author:
    Anna E. Shabanova
    Work direction:
    Глава 5
    Abstract:
    The chapter explores the role and methods of fostering learning motivation in teaching English to students of non-linguistic specialties. The author emphasizes the crucial role of motivation as a system-forming factor that determines the success, sustainability, and effectiveness of educational activities. The paper analyzes the main types of motivation (intrinsic/extrinsic, integrative/instrumental, motivation for success/fear of failure) and their specifics in the context of language training. Particular attention is paid to the problem of students' low initial level of language proficiency and the need for targeted work to develop motivation from the beginning of university studies. The central role of the teacher as an organizer of a motivating educational environment and a facilitator is defined. The chapter offers practical strategies and methods for enhancing learning motivation, including ensuring the professional relevance of the course content, using interactive teaching methods, working with authentic texts, and creating an atmosphere of psychological support. It is concluded that effective motivation management is key to forming the high professional competence of future specialists.
    Keywords:
    motivation, educational environment, teacher, teaching methods, teaching, English language, authentic materials, learning activity, non-linguistic university, intrinsic motivation, extrinsic motivation
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  • Chuvash-Determined Surnames as a Marker of the Cheboksary Regiolect of the Russian Language

    Research Article
    Ethnic Culture Volume 7 No 3
    Author:
    Eduard V. Fomin
    Work direction:
    World languages and literature
    Abstract:
    The work continues the series of publications on the Cheboksary regional dialect of the Russian language. This study examines Russian surnames of Chuvash origin as a feature of the speech of residents of Cheboksary. The material for the study was surnames common in the Chuvash Republic. The work is based on a qualitative analysis of factual material. Chuvash surnames have undergone significant qualitative changes over the past three centuries from the original eastern Tatar-Islamic tradition to the modern Christian one. The surnames of Cheboksary residents cannot be a marker of the Cheboksary regional dialect of the Russian language. In general, Cheboksary surnames, due to their simple denominal origin, can be understood as a generalizing marker. The combination of Orthodox-conditioned denominal surnames such as Ivanov, Petrov, Fedorov with Chuvashism surnames such as Sadyrga, Yakku, Mulgachev, Kashkarov creates a unique anthroponymic background for the functioning of the Cheboksary regional dialect, reinforcing the impression of its qualitative parameters. The Christian foundations of the Chuvash nomenclature go beyond the anthroponymic dictionary: in modern conditions, almost all names in the Chuvash environment are oriented towards the Russian tradition. Russian-Orthodox names largely form the Russian visual landscape of the region.
    Keywords:
    Chuvash language, Russian language, language contacts, anthroponyms, regional variation of the Russian language
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  • Problems of Teaching the Native Language to Even Children

    Research Article
    Ethnic Culture Volume 7 No 3
    Author:
    Yuri A. Sleptsov
    Work direction:
    Ethno-Cultural Problems of Education
    Abstract:
    This paper examines the functioning of the Even language in modern conditions. The research material is based on observations of the process of teaching Even children their native language. Using theoretical analysis and generalization of pedagogical experience, the author investigated and identified the most effective forms and means of teaching the Even language. The study covers northeastern Yakutia, specifically the Momsky (Even) National District. The small Even people, formerly known as Lamuts, live across a significant territory in northeastern Russia. They lead a nomadic lifestyle, constantly moving from one pasture to another, which is required by their traditional form of economy – domestic reindeer herding. Currently, the Even language is endangered; its use is declining, and its transmission to the younger generation is declining. Textbooks do not always meet the objectives of teaching dialects. In this paper, the author, using theoretical analysis and generalization of pedagogical experience, determines the most effective forms and means of teaching Even children. It is important to preserve the cultural context of the language through education, traditions, folklore, and its active use in the socio-cultural environment. Creating conditions for systematic and successful teaching of the native language to Even children should include expanding the scope of language use and its integration into everyday life.
    Keywords:
    dialect, Evens, nomadic camp, tribal community, Even language
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  • Peculiarities of using educational business games to teach foreign languages in a transport university

    Book Chapter
    Current issues of pedagogy and psychology
    Author:
    Elena G. Liakhova
    Work direction:
    Глава 7
    Abstract:
    The study is devoted to the issues of increasing the effectiveness of teaching foreign languages in a transport university. In the process of analyzing the features of teaching/learning a foreign language in isolation from its environment, the author concludes that it is necessary to take these features into account when developing and conducting educational business games in a foreign language in a transport university. Examples of educational business games are given.
    Keywords:
    transport university, foreign languages, educational business games, the acquisition of a foreign language of the specialty
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  • Interactive methods of teaching a foreign language: the possibilities of the Miro online platform

    Book Chapter
    Current issues of pedagogy and psychology
    Authors:
    Gulnaz R. Sitdikova, Liliia A. Malakhova, Zinaida N. Serova
    Work direction:
    Глава 14
    Abstract:
    This chapter is devoted to interactive methods of teaching a foreign language using the Miro online platform. Combining traditional methodological approaches with the capabilities of modern online platforms such as Miro opens up promising areas in teaching foreign languages. The authors consider how this online platform can be effectively used to organize students' group work, increase their motivation and, as a result, improve the quality of learning. The potential of the platform is being explored, combining the theoretical foundations of interactive learning with practical experience using the platform. Special attention is paid to the role of active involvement of students in the educational process, the development of communication skills and the formation of intercultural competence. The authors substantiate the effectiveness of interactive methods for creating a favorable educational environment that stimulates creative activity and independence of students.
    Keywords:
    foreign language teaching, English, Miro, online platform, interactive language teaching methods
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  • Social and psychological foundations of the autonomy of political consciousness

    Conference Paper
    Pedagogy, Psychology, Society: from theory to practice
    Authors:
    Aleksandr D. Pokhilko, Andrei A. Danilov
    Work direction:
    Образование и право
    Abstract:
    Рассматривается проблема относительной самостоятельности и автономности политического сознания на уровне психологических предпосылок (оснований) независимости политического сознания от общественного бытия. Общественная психология тесно смыкается с идеологией как семиотическим фактом, что позволяет манипулировать сознанием и поведением индивидов. Новизна состоит в том, что авторами выявлены основания автономности политического сознания в качестве кодов власти, выраженных в социальных действиях и речевых актах взаимодействия неравных по своей социальной силе (статусу) индивидов
    Keywords:
    language, psychology, politics, ideology, autonomy, consciousness
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  • Distance Learning and its Possibilities in the Process of Teaching the Subject «Russian Language»

    Book Chapter
    Current issues of pedagogy and psychology
    Authors:
    Anastasia V. Koreneva, Natalia D. Veretennikova
    Work direction:
    Глава 10
    Abstract:
    This chapter describes the features of distance learning, reveals its advantages and disadvantages. The expediency of including elements of distance technologies in the teaching process of the subject «Russian language» is substantiated. The most effective Internet resources that facilitate the organization of online classes are described. Based on the results of the survey of schoolchildren, their positive attitude towards distance learning of the Russian language is proved.
    Keywords:
    Internet resources, distance learning, distance technologies, online Russian language classes
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  • Educational and Methodological Support of the Regional Component of Russian Language Teaching in Schools of the Murmansk Region

    Book Chapter
    Current issues of pedagogy and psychology
    Author:
    Anastasia V. Koreneva
    Work direction:
    Глава 11
    Abstract:
    The chapter proves that the inclusion of a regional component in the process of teaching Russian is one of the most effective ways to form students' cultural competence. The educational and methodological aids for schools of the Kola North, providing a regional focus of Russian language teaching, are described in detail. Their structure is revealed, the main content is described, and examples of tasks are given. The results of the survey are presented, according to which the literature on linguistic local history is actively used by teachers of the Murmansk region.
    Keywords:
    regional component, educational and methodological support, Russian language, regionalization of philological education, linguistic local history, cultural competence
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  • A foreign language as a means of training specialists in the process of continuing education

    Conference Paper
    The Topical Issues of the Humanities and Social Sciences
    Author:
    Milana V. Rovenskaia
    Work direction:
    Современные гуманитарные науки и проблемы языкознания
    Abstract:
    The article examines the concept of continuing education in the context of modern socio-economic changes and technological development. The main focus is on the role of continuing education in training professionals who are able to adapt to rapidly changing labor market conditions and requirements. The impact of technological progress on society and the education system is analyzed, and the main functions of continuing education are highlighted: professional, social and personal. The work emphasizes the importance of developing students' independence, responsibility and determination in the process of continuous professional education. The necessity of updating the knowledge and skills of specialists in various fields is emphasized in order to maintain competitiveness. The article considers the role of learning foreign languages in professional training and their impact on the expansion of human opportunities in education, work and communication. Theoretical research methods were used to analyze the problem, including analysis of scientific publications and official documents, such as the Concept of Technological Development of Russia until 2030. As a result of the analysis, the key competencies necessary for successful professional, family and social life in the context of the transformation of the socio-economic sphere have been identified. Among them are computer skills and foreign languages, technological literacy, entrepreneurial skills and social skills. It was also noted that Nizhnevartovsk State University (NVSU) pays special attention to the study of English in the framework of the program "English for academic mobility". It is emphasized that academic mobility contributes to the expansion of educational horizons, the formation of intercultural competencies and the creation of employment potential for graduates.
    Keywords:
    foreign language, competitiveness, continuing education, academic mobility, English, technological development, modernization of education, intercultural competencies
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  • Linguistic aspects of Esperanto’s creation and use

    Conference Paper
    The Topical Issues of the Humanities and Social Sciences
    Author:
    Olga N. Selezneva
    Work direction:
    Современные гуманитарные науки и проблемы языкознания
    Abstract:
    The search for communication’s universal means is one of the most important linguistic tasks. For this purpose, artificial languages are created, one of the most popular of them is the “planned” language of Esperanto. The Esperanto linguistic phenomenon is that this language was created artificially, but over time it has acquired some characteristics of natural languages. The development and evolution of Esperanto still continues nowadays.
    Keywords:
    linguistic aspect, communication, characteristics, natural language, Esperanto, artificial language, international, universality, non -ethnicity
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  • The Role of English in Open-Source Software Development: Linguistic Analysis

    Conference Paper
    The Topical Issues of the Humanities and Social Sciences
    Authors:
    Miroslav I. Turygin, Evgenii E. Cherniavskii
    Work direction:
    Тенденции развития цифрового образования
    Abstract:
    The article examines the role of English in open-source software development. It explores linguistic aspects of communication in international projects, the impact of English on code and documentation standardization, and the challenges faced by non-native English speakers. By analyzing language practices in GitHub and other platforms, the study concludes that English remains the dominant lingua franca in software development.
    Keywords:
    English language, software development, GitHub, open-source, linguistic analysis
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  • Visual Metaphors in Poster Art: Reading between the Lines

    Conference Paper
    The Topical Issues of the Humanities and Social Sciences
    Authors:
    Natalia I. Dmitrieva, Anna N. Orekhova
    Work direction:
    Вопросы культурологии
    Abstract:
    The article considers visual metaphor as one of the expressive means of poster art. Various examples of the use of visual metaphor on posters are given. The work on the visual metaphor of a poster in the educational process is presented as an effective means of developing students' visual thinking.
    Keywords:
    symbol, poster art, visual metaphor, poster art language
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  • Tools of generative artificial intelligence in teaching English for specific purposes

    Research Article
    Development of education Volume 8 No 2
    Authors:
    Anna V. Malaeva, Tatiana P. Volkova, Tatiana A. Globa
    Work direction:
    Pedagogy and Modern Education
    Abstract:
    The article is devoted to the possibilities of using generative artificial intelligence (GAI) tools in teaching English for specific purposes (ESP). The article examines innovative approaches to learning, being necessary due to the rapid development of technology and requirements of the modern labor market. It analyzes the prospects of GAI in ESP context, including a comparative description of the most popular AI tools. The authors explore the functionality, advantages, and limitations of these tools, their impact on teaching a professionally oriented foreign language. Examples of the successful application of GAI in university courses are given. The emphasis is made on the development of communication skills and the adaptation of educational materials to specific professional fields. The article discusses the results of the empirical study showing positive changes in students' learning motivation and progress. The use of GAI contributes to more effective and personalized learning, improves vocabulary, grammatical accuracy and writing skills. However, the successful implementation of GAI requires additional knowledge and training of teachers, as well as focusing on the educational context. Special attention is paid to the need for a balanced approach when using GAI in order to avoid dependence on technology and preserve the positive experience gained in the process of applying traditional teaching methods.
    Keywords:
    Generative artificial intelligence (GAI), GAI tools, English for specific purposes (ESP), professionally oriented foreign language
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  • Electronic learning course as a means of the development of spheres of individuality of a student of higher educational institution (on the example of the discipline "Foreign language")

    Research Article
    Development of education Volume 8 No 2
    Authors:
    Marina A. Paniushkina, Valentina V. Ponikarovskaya, Natalia V. Matsakova, Irina S. Volkova
    Work direction:
    Pedagogy and Modern Education
    Abstract:
    This work is devoted to the development of the spheres of individuality of a university student through the integration of an electronic course into the educational process during foreign language classes for the first- and second-year bachelor students of Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University. The creation of a specially designed course in the electronic information and educational environment (https://eios.kantiana.ru/) is based on a number of principles: individualization and variability of the studying process, practical focus of the educational material. The electronic learning course allows the student to develop spheres of individuality through planning and building an educational route, through the choice of educational material, preparation of creative project works, through monitoring academic progress, and etc. Experimental verification of the exposed hypothesis that the development of the student’s individuality spheres will be quite effective provided that a specially created electronic learning course is implemented into the educational process, allowing to activate all student’s mental processes when studying a foreign language. This verification is realized in accordance with three stages. The obtained results have confirmed the proposed hypothesis about a positive influence of the electronic learning course on the development of spheres of individuality of a student in the process of studying.
    Keywords:
    foreign language, electronic information and educational environment, pedagogy of individuality, spheres of individuality of a student, electronic learning course
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  • Language loyalty to the ethnic language among the Hausa community in Khartoum

    Research Article
    Ethnic Culture Volume 7 No 2
    Author:
    Muhammad N. Osman
    Work direction:
    World languages and literature
    Abstract:
    This article presents the results of a comprehensive study of the language loyalty of Hausa speakers in the urban environment of Khartoum. Based on field data collected in 2022–2025 (one hundred in-depth interviews and questionnaires), the key factors influencing the preservation of the ethnic language in the diaspora community are analyzed. Particular attention is paid to the intergenerational dynamics of language preferences, strategies of language socialization, and the role of language attitudes in identification processes. An analysis of language loyalty in the Hausa diaspora environment showed that, in addition to the traditional criterion of recognizing an ethnic language as native, important indicators include practices of preserving cultural heritage. In the Khartoum diaspora, a special role is played by maintaining song traditions and watching foreign films in the Hausa language, and regular meetings of community representatives. For most respondents, the native language performs a predominantly symbolic function, serving as a marker of group identity and a bearer of cultural values. In general, the results demonstrate a complex picture of language shift, where the traditional “home-street-school” triad undergoes significant transformations under the influence of urbanization processes. The study makes a significant contribution to understanding the mechanisms of language stability in the context of Arabic-African language contact.
    Keywords:
    ethnic identity, diaspora, internal diaspora, language shift, language loyalty, Hausa, language ideology, urban sociolinguistics, Sudan
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  • The ontology of the formation of state bilingualism in the Republic of Belarus by the end of the 20th century

    Research Article
    Ethnic Culture Volume 7 No 2
    Author:
    Liubov R. Mustafina
    Work direction:
    World languages and literature
    Abstract:
    The work is devoted to the description of the language situation in the Republic of Belarus. The author studies the status and functions of the Belarusian language in the lands that were historically part of several states and are currently Belarusian territory. The aim of the work is to establish the factors that determined the return to state bilingualism following a short period of using the Belarusian language as the only state language. The study is based on the analysis of published documents devoted to the description of the language situation, as well as the language policy pursued in the Republic of Belarus, starting from the 9th to the 20th centuries. The study is of a review nature. The following should be recognized as the main factors underlying the modern language situation in the country: a long time of the Belarusian language being in a diglossal distribution with more functionally developed languages; close relationship of the Russian and Belarusian languages; stigmatization of a mixed version of these languages; the inclusion of the territory of modern Belarus into the Russian Empire and the USSR; a more prestigious status for the Russian language in the world; the functioning of the Belarusian language as a symbol of ethnic identification of Belarusians, but not as a means of communication.
    Keywords:
    the Russian language, the Belarusian language, closely related languages in bilingual settings, belarusian-russian-mixed-speech, language functions
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  • The somonym component baş ‘head’ in the phraseology and proverbs of the Dobrujan Tatars and the Volga Tatars (functional-semantic analysis)

    Research Article
    Ethnic Culture Volume 7 No 2
    Authors:
    Fyaridya I. Tagirova, Ilgamiya I. Sabitova
    Work direction:
    World languages and literature
    Abstract:
    The article analyzes the functional and semantic features of the existence of the component-somonym "baş" (head) in the phraseology and proverbs of the Dobrudzha Tatars and the Volga Tatars in a comparative aspect. Illustrative material for comparison with the Tatar literary language was selected from special and explanatory dictionaries and collections of folklore. The work uses the method of functional-semantic analysis, as well as the analysis of phraseological units of the compared languages for the similarity of the plan of internal semantic content and the plan of lexical expression. The well-known thesis on the conservatism and stability of vocabulary denoting parts of the body is confirmed by this material. The results of the analysis of the dictionary of Nadrat Mahmut and Anvar Mahmut "Atalar sözi", as well as factual material from other sources, indicate that the phraseological units of the Romanian Tatars with the somonym "baş" have both full and partial parallels in the Tatar literary language. In this article, the authors try to demonstrate the similarity of lexical-semantic processes and the linguacultural similarity of the compared idioms using specific examples. It can be seen in the compared phraseological units both in terms of expression and in terms of content, which allows us to judge their common roots. The observed differences are primarily due to the fact that the formation of the linguaculture of idioms took place separately for a long time, surrounded by different cultures.
    Keywords:
    semantics, vocabulary, somatism, phraseological unit, Tatar language, Dobrujan Tatar language
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  • Virtual excursions as a means of improving professional foreign language skills in a non-linguistic university: cultural immersion approach

    Research Article
    Ethnic Culture Volume 7 No 2
    Author:
    Tamara A. Kordon
    Work direction:
    Ethno-Cultural Problems of Education
    Abstract:
    The article discusses modern approaches to foreign language teaching, emphasizing the use of virtual excursions as an effective method that promotes the development of language and cultural skills. Virtual excursions, which utilize contemporary digital technologies such as 3D modeling and augmented reality, provide learners with a unique opportunity to immerse themselves in the language environment and broaden their cultural horizons, which is vital in the context of international communication. The aim of the study is to demonstrate the potential of using virtual excursions in foreign language teaching at a non-linguistic university. The research was conducted at the Yakovlev’s University, where future teachers participated in a series of virtual excursions focusing on the history and culture of Great Britain. The research methodology included surveys, observations, and semi-structured interviews, allowing an assessment of the students’ language preparedness and engagement before and after the implementation of the innovative teaching method. The results showed a significant improvement in language skills, perception of authentic audio and video materials, as well as knowledge of the cultural aspects of the studied language countries.
    Keywords:
    intercultural communication, digital technologies, foreign language teaching, teacher training, language environment, virtual tours
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  • Associative experiment as a means of tracking dynamics of secondary language personality development as exemplified by the stimulus word “nation”

    Research Article
    Ethnic Culture Volume 7 No 2
    Authors:
    Vera V. Koroleva, Ekaterina T. Polyanskaya
    Work direction:
    Ethno-Cultural Problems of Education
    Abstract:
    The article examines the dynamics of secondary language personality formation and the influence of learners’ native linguistic personality on this process. The article reviews the role of associative experiment in linguistic worldview and language personality examination. A chain associative experiment, conducted in three groups with different levels of English proficiency – including a group of native speakers – serves as the primary research method. The lexeme “nation” is used as the stimulus word in the experiment. The interpretation of the results is carried out according to Yu. N. Karaulov’s three-level model of language personality. The findings allow conclusions that there is a strong influence of the native linguistic personality on the formation of the secondary language personality at an early stage of the language mastery and the threshold level (A2–B1). Subjects with a great experience of conscious language acquisition demonstrate the most comprehensive understanding of the stimulus word “nation”, even compared to the native speakers. Furthermore, the prospects of associative experiment application for methodological purposes are noted, particularly for tracking the level of secondary language personality formation in learning groups and adjusting the language learning trajectory.
    Keywords:
    associative experiment, linguistic personality, linguistic worldview, secondary language personality
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  • Formation of Professionally Oriented Speech in Russian Language Classes in the System of Higher Professional Education

    Book Chapter
    Theoretical and practical aspects of pedagogy and psychology
    Author:
    Klara M. Kaparova
    Work direction:
    Глава 4
    Abstract:
    The chapter addresses the relevant issue of developing professionally oriented speech among university students within the system of higher professional education. It examines the specific features of teaching Russian as a non-native or second language in institutions where instruction is tailored to a particular field of specialization. The paper analyzes methods and techniques that contribute to the development of speech skills essential for students' future professional activities across various areas of training. Special attention is given to the selection of thematic and lexical material that reflects real-life communicative situations in the professional domain, as well as to the role of interdisciplinary integration and communicative technologies. The importance of active verbal interaction between teachers and students is emphasized, along with the use of case methods, project-based learning, and business games. This article may be of interest to educators, methodologists, and curriculum developers involved in language instruction in higher education.
    Keywords:
    higher education, speech activity, communicative competence, Russian language, teaching methodology, professionally oriented speech
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  • Methods of sign language pedagogical examination as a means of studying and evaluating students' mental abilities

    Book Chapter
    Theoretical and practical aspects of pedagogy and psychology
    Author:
    Sergey V. Zinin
    Work direction:
    Глава 9
    Abstract:
    The chapter presents the experience of qualitative assessment of students' mental abilities during the use of certain methods of sign language pedagogical examination of children with low results in educational activities. A clinical case is described in detail in the work of specialists of the territorial psychological, medical and pedagogical commission of the Nizhneudinsky district municipality, demonstrating the key symptoms of mental retardation due to the child's impairments in the third functional block of the brain – planning, programming, triggering, control and correction. The use of the basic principle of the pathopsychological experiment «qualitative analysis of the studied mental disorders», described by the founder of pathopsychology B. V. Zeigarnik, is demonstrated. A specific example reflects learning disabilities and the personal component of a student's thinking: criticality and self-regulation.
    Keywords:
    intellectual disabilities, Russian sign language, sign language examination, pathopsychological experiment, the third functional block of the brain, verbal regulation by practical actions
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